滑车上静脉在鼻缺损修复中的应用解剖研究  

APPLIED ANATOMY STUDY OF SUPRATROCHLEAR VEIN IN RECONSTRUCTION OF NASAL DEFECT

作　　者：蔡晓燕[1] 黎志明[2] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学附属顺德第一人民医院烧伤整形外科,广东佛山528300 [2]中山大学附属第一医院整形修复外科

出　　处：《中国修复重建外科杂志》2009年第2期219-221,共3页Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

摘　　要：目的研究滑车上静脉的变异情况及其与滑车上动脉的关系,为减少额部旁正中皮瓣修复鼻缺损后淤血性坏死发生率提供解剖学依据。方法在直视与手术放大镜下对10个(20侧)成人头部标本进行解剖研究,观察滑车上静脉的变异情况,以双侧眶上缘水平线为X轴,前正中线为Y轴的二维坐标系定位滑车上静脉及滑车上动脉,测量滑车上动、静脉与眶上缘水平线的夹角,测量眶上缘水平线上滑车上动、静脉至前正中线的距离,并测量动静脉之间的距离。结果滑车上静脉和滑车上动脉在眶上缘水平线上至前正中线的距离分别是(9.7±3.1)mm和(16.2±2.1)mm,二者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与眶上缘水平线的夹角分别为(83.3±6.4)°和(80.5±4.2)°,二者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。10个标本在前正中线附近均可见到2支滑车上静脉,但并不对称,一侧距前正中线较远,一侧距前正中线较近(1支在正中线上),分别定为A、B组。A组滑车上静脉在眶上缘水平线上至前正中线的距离为(11.0±1.9)mm,B组为(7.9±3.2)mm,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。所有标本滑车上静脉走行于滑车上动脉内侧前正中线外侧(1支在正中线上)。在眶上缘水平线上滑车上动、静脉之间的距离为(6.6±3.2)mm,A组为(5.5±2.0)mm,B组为(7.9±3.9)mm,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论额部旁正中皮瓣蒂宽不能太窄(以1.5～2.0 cm为宜),蒂部外侧界应为滑车上动脉,内侧界应为滑车上静脉。Objective To investigate the variation artery and to provide anatomical basis for the reduction of supratrochlear vein and its relationship with supratrochlear of congestive necrosis of paramedian forehead flap in the reconstruction of nasal defect. Methods Twenty sides of 10 antiseptic head specimens were anatomized macroscopically and microscopically. Using the horizontal and anterior median line of supraorbital rim as X and Y axis to locate supratrochlear vein and artery, the angles between the supratrochlear artery and vein and the supraorbital rim were detected, and the distances from the supratrochlear artery and vein to the anterior median line on the horizontal line of supraorbital rim were measured. Results The distance from the supratrochlear artery horizontal line of the supraorbital rim was （16.2±2.1） mm and （9 and supratrochlear vein to the anterior median line on the 7 ± 3.1） mm, respectively, indicating there was a significant difference （P 〈 0.05）. The angle between the supratrochlear vein and artery and the supraorbital rim was （83.3 ± 6.4）° and （80.5 ± 4.2）°, respectively, indicating there was no significant difference （P 〉 0.05）. Two asymmetric supratrochlear veins were observed around the area of anterior median line in every specimen, one was far from the anterior median line （group A） and the other was close to or even on the line （group B）. The distance from the supratrochlear veins to the anterior median line on the horizontal line of the supraorbital rim was （11.0 ± 1.9） mm in group A and （7.9 ± 3.2） mm in group B, showing there was a significant difference between two groups （P 〈 0.05）. For all the specimens, the supratrochlear vein ran laterally along the medial anterior median line of the supratrochlear artery （one side was just on the anterior median line）. The distance from the supratrochlear veins to the supratrochlear arteries on the horizontal line of the supraorbital rim was （6.6 ± 3.2） mm, （5.5 ± 2.0） mm in

关 键 词：滑车上静脉 滑车上动脉 额部皮瓣 鼻缺损 应用解剖 

分 类 号：R322[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学] R765[医药卫生—基础医学]