大洋环流模式的温盐表面边界条件处理及其影响研究评述  

A Review of the Surface Boundary Conditions for Temperature and Salinity of Oceanic General Circulation Models

作　　者：周天军[1] 张学洪[1] 刘海龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室(LASG),北京100029

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2009年第2期111-122,共12页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：优秀国家重点实验室研究基金项目"东亚季风形成和变异的诊断;模拟及其可预测性研究"(编号:40523001);国家自然科学创新研究群体科学基金项目"东亚和西太平洋区域气候变异机理和预测理论"(编号:40821092);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(编号:2005CB321703;2006CB403603)联合资助

摘　　要：对常用的大洋环流模式温度和盐度的表面边界条件处理方案进行了总结,在此基础上,讨论了不同处理方案对大洋环流变化模拟结果的影响,指出了不同边界条件各自的适用范围。较为典型的温度边界条件包括Haney型边界条件、Rahmstorf等恢复型边界条件、Schopf零热容量条件以及通量条件;盐度边界条件主要包括恢复型边界条件、通量型边界条件以及自然边界条件。边界处理方案之不同,不仅影响到模式气候态和年际变率的模拟,还影响到一些典型大洋环流变化现象的模拟结果,如极地盐跃层突变现象、海洋层结强烈翻转的冲刷现象、热盐环流的多平衡态现象以及淡水冲击对热盐环流的影响等问题。A review is presented of the surface boundary conditions for temperature and salinity of Oceanic General Circulation Models. Responses of oceanic general circulations to different surface boundary conditions are also discussed. Both the strength and weakness of different surface boundary conditions are documented. The most popularly used surface boundary conditions for temperature include Haney （1971） restoring condition, Rahmstorf and Willebrans （1995） restoring condition, Schopf （1983）zero heat capacity condition and flux condition; The widely used surface boundary conditions for salinity include the Haney-type restoring condition, flux condition, and natural condition. The impacts of different surface boundary conditions on the climate mean states and long-term changes of oceanic circulations are discussed. Emphases have been put on the polar halocline catastrophe, flush phenomena, and multi-equilibrium of thermohaline circulation as well as the sensitivity of thermohaline circulation to freshwater forcing.

关 键 词：大洋环流模式 海表边界条件 混合边界条件 热盐环流 

分 类 号：P731.27[天文地球—海洋科学]