槲蕨配子体形态发育研究  

Observation on the Gametophyte Development of Drynaria roosii Nakaike

作　　者：徐艳[1,2] 李杨[1,3] 李东[1] 刘燕[2] 檀龙云[4] 刘保东[4] 石雷[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所,北京100093 [2]北京林业大学园林学院,北京100083 [3]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [4]哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院,哈尔滨150025

出　　处：《热带亚热带植物学报》2009年第1期12-16,共5页Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany

基　　金：国家科技部项目(2005DKA21006,2006GH559901,2007AA021405);中国科学院重要方向性项目(KSCXZ-YW-N-52);北京市自然科学基金项目(7072045)资助

摘　　要：用无机培养基和土壤培养基分别培养槲蕨(Drynaria roosii Nakaike)孢子,显微镜下观察孢子萌发及配子体形态发育过程。结果表明:孢子黄色,具单裂缝,赤道面观豆形,极面观椭圆形,不具周壁,孢子外壁局部具大小不一的颗粒状纹饰。接种后10～12d孢子萌发,萌发类型为书带蕨型,原叶体发育为槲蕨型。接种后20d左右发育为片状体,片状体形成顶端细胞的时间较晚。毛状体出现在片状体形成之后,数量丰富,多为单细胞,分布于原叶体背腹面及边缘。接种后60d左右发育形成幼原叶体,成熟原叶体呈心脏形。接种后65d左右开始有性器官出现,精子器的出现较颈卵器早10d左右。颈卵器成熟后,颈部常向原叶体基部倾斜或弯曲。原叶体受精后幼胚突破颈卵器生长。The spores of Drynaria roosii Nakaike were cultured in inorganic medium and soil, respectively. The spore germination and gametophyte development were observed under microscope. The results showed that the spores were yellowish, monolete, without perispore and bearing granular ornamentation on the exospore. They are bean-shaped in equatorial view and elliptical in polar view. The spores germinated within 10 - 12 days after inoculation, the type of germination is Vittaria-type while that of gametophyte development is Drynaria-type. The prothallial plates formed in 20 days after inoculation and the establishment of apical cell was later. After the formation of the prothallial plate, profuse unicellular hairs occurred on both the surfaces and margin of the prothalli. The young prothalli developed in 60 days after inoculation and the mature prothalli are cordate-thalloid. The sex organs formed in 65 days after inoculation. The antheridia appeared about 10 days earlier than archegonia. Archegonial neck usually inclines or curves towards the base of the prothallus at maturity. It could be observed that the embryos break through the archegonia after fertilization.

关 键 词：槲蕨 孢子萌发 配子体发育 

分 类 号：Q944.4[生物学—植物学]