建坝顺序对坝系拦沙效率影响的试验研究  

Effects of dam construction sequences on soil conservation efficiency of a check-dam system

作　　者：徐向舟[1,2] 张红武[3] 许士国[1] 王文龙[2] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学土木水利学院 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室 [3]清华大学水利水电工程系

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2009年第1期139-144,共6页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室开放基金项目(10501-175);英国赠款中国小流域治理管理项目(Kt-1)

摘　　要：模型试验是验证坝系规划方案可靠性的重要方法。该研究以黄土丘陵沟壑区典型小流域的降雨产沙条件为背景,采用模型试验的方法,对两种布坝顺序的拦沙效果进行了对比试验。模型和原型各降雨输沙要素之间的比例关系通过理论推导和试验率定相结合的手段确定。试验结果证实,在各淤地坝的坝址、坝高(或库容)、控制面积上的平均侵蚀模数等参数都确定的条件下,若按照先主后支、先下后上的方案布坝,则经历相同系列年的降雨以后,沟道坝系总的拦沙、淤地效益高,且有利于坝系实现相对稳定。This study presents a physical modeling experiment to test the soil conservation efficiency of a check-dam system with different dam construction sequences. A conceptualized typical small watershed in the Loess Plateau was chosen as the prototype study area. Some of the model scales used in the experiment were determined by theory, whereas others were obtained by preliminary tests on the prototype rainfall-erosion parameters and those of the model. The results indicate that sediment in the catchment is easy to be trapped and the relative stability of the check-dam system is also easy to be realized when the check dams being built first main channel and then branch gully, meanwhile starting from the lower reaches of the watershed and moving to the upper reaches. Key words the Loess Plateau; check-dam system; soil conservation; semi-scale model experiment

关 键 词：黄土高原 沟道坝系 拦沙减蚀 半比尺模型试验 

分 类 号：S774[农业科学—森林工程]