阐明心理理论机制的新途径--来自镜像神经元研究的证据  

A New Approach to Understanding the Mechanism of the Theory of Mind:Evidence from Researches on Mirror Neurons

作　　者：丁峻[1,2] 陈巍[2] 袁逖飞[3] 

机构地区：[1]美国华盛顿大学神经科学中心 [2]杭州师范大学心理学系 [3]香港大学神经科学研究中心

出　　处：《南京师大学报（社会科学版）》2009年第1期99-106,共8页Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：教育部科研规划项目(FBB011469);浙江省2008社会科学学术著作出版资金(08CBB41);香港政府大学研究基金(RGC)资助项目

摘　　要：近10年来,大量电生理数据证实了非人灵长类脑中存在镜像神经元。这些神经元无论是在观察同类执行某一动作还是自己执行这一动作时都会被激发。这种镜像机制可以作为一种联系自我和他人之间的桥梁,参与到其他多种社会认知能力中(如意图的理解、模仿、共情、语言以及心理理论等)。目前诸多实验证据都基于一个共同的前提假设,即人脑中也可能存在一个类似的"镜像神经元系统",因此镜像神经元的研究对于阐明心理理论的脑神经机制及其相关的元理论预设(理论论、模仿论和模块论)显得意义重大。文章回顾这个前提假设,分析讨论了其作为心理理论神经基础的各种实验证据,总结了该领域存在的问题并对今后研究的发展趋势进行了展望。In the recent decade, numerous electrophysiological data confirmed the existence of mirror neurons in non-human primates＇ brains. These neurons will inevitably be activated whether the subject is observing others performing a certain action or he himself is performing the same action. This mirror mechanism can be regarded as a bridge between oneself and others, playing a role in a variety of other social cognitive capabilities （such as intention understanding, imitation, empathy, speech and theory of mind）. At present, a lot of experimental evidence is premised on a common assumption：there may be a similar mirror neuron system in the human brain. Thus, the research on mirror neurons is of great significance in clarifying the neural mechanism for the theory of mind and the related meta-theoretical presupposition （ the theory theory, the modularity theory, and the simulation theory）. After reviewing this presumption, the paper analyzes various experimental findings used as the neural basis for the theory of mind, and then sums up the problems in this field, offering an outlook for the related researches in the future.

关 键 词：心理理论 镜像神经元 人类镜像神经元系统 模仿论 模块论 

分 类 号：B844.1[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]