两种常用兽药对作物发芽的生态毒性效应  

The Eco-toxicological effect of two common veterinary drugs on crop germination

作　　者：金彩霞[1,2] 陈秋颖[1] 刘军军[1] 周庆祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学化学与环境科学学院河南省环境污染控制重点实验室,黄淮水环境与污染防治省部共建教育部重点实验室,新乡453007 [2]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所陆地生态过程重点实验室,沈阳110016

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2009年第3期619-625,共7页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(No.20337010);河南省环境污染控制重点实验室黄淮水环境与污染防治省部共建教育部重点实验室资助~~

摘　　要：采用室内生长箱培养的试验方法,研究了2种常用兽药磺胺嘧啶钠、环丙沙星对小麦、白菜和番茄种子发芽、根伸长、芽伸长的影响,分析了兽药和作物生长之间的剂量-效应关系,比较分析了小麦,白菜和番茄对2种兽药胁迫的敏感性.结果表明,根长抑制率和芽长抑制率与兽药浓度显著相关(p<0.05);种子发芽抑制率与2种兽药浓度不相关(p>0.05).2种兽药对根伸长和芽伸长的抑制明显强于对种子发芽的抑制.3种作物对磺胺嘧啶钠胁迫的敏感性依次为小麦>白菜>番茄;对环丙沙星胁迫的敏感性依次为白菜>番茄>小麦;磺胺嘧啶钠对3种作物的毒性效应明显强于环丙沙星.Differential tolerances of wheat, Chinese cabbage and tomatoes exposed to two veterinary antibiotics （sulfadiazine sodium, ciprofloxacin） were assessed. The dose-response relationships between the two drugs and their inhibition of seed germination, root elongation, and shoot elongation of wheat, Chinese cabbage and tomatoes were investigated. A significant positive correlation was found between the concentration of veterinary drugs and the rates of inhibition of crop root elongation and shoot elongation（p 〈 0.05） , and no correlation was found between the concentration of veterinary drugs and seed germination （p 〉 0.05 ）. The inhibition rates of these veterinary drugs on root elongation and shoot elongation of crops were significantly stronger than that on seed germination. Among the three crops, wheat was the most sensitive to sulfadiazine sodium followed by Chinese cabbage, then tomatoes. But the sensitivity of the three crops to ciprofloxacin was in the sequence： Chinese cabbage 〉 tomatoes 〉 wheat. The toxic effect of sulfadiazine sodium on crops is much higher than that of ciprofloxacin.

关 键 词：土壤污染 兽药抗生素 生态毒性 抑制效应 根伸长 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]