湖南锡矿山周边水体的环境特征  

Environmental characteristics of water near the Xikuangshan antimony mine,Hunan Province

作　　者：朱静[1,2,3] 吴丰昌[1,4] 邓秋静[1,2] 邵树勋[1] 莫昌莉[1,2] 潘响亮[1] 黎文[1] 张润宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳550002 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039 [3]贵州大学化学与化工学院,贵阳550003 [4]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2009年第3期655-661,共7页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：中国科学院创新工程重要方向项目(No.kzcx2-yw-102);国家自然科学基金项目(No.40525011,40632011,40632011,40740440016);贵州省科学技术基金(黔科合J字[2007]2172和[2007]2029号)~~

摘　　要：对湖南锡矿山矿区内冶炼废水、尾沙坝的渗滤水、某采矿点的矿坑水以及邻近河流的水质化学基本特征以及金属离子(Na+、K+、Mg2+、Ca2+、Fe2+、Zn2+和As、Sb、Se、Bi、Hg)和非金属离子(F-、NO3-、Cl-、NO2-、SO24-、PO43-和Ac-)含量和污染特征进行研究.结果表明:各水样的矿化度在549.5～1640.0mg·L-1之间,平均值为1004.3mg·L-1;总硬度在472.9～1199.5mg·L-1之间,平均值为895.8mg·L-1;所有水样的锑浓度在4581～29423μg·L-1之间,平均值为10068μg·L-1;尾沙坝的渗滤水中汞、砷、硒含量最高,分别达到12.861、1617.220、34.447μg·L-1;在河流中,锑和硒的含量从上游到下游逐渐降低,表现出正相关性.Metal ions （ Na^＋ .K^＋ ,Mg^2 ＋ ,Ca^2 ＋ .Fe^2＋ ,Zn^2 ＋ and As.Sb,Se,Bi,Hg） and non-metal ions（ F^ - ,NOr .Cl^- ,NO2^- ,SO4^2 - .PO4^3 - and Ac^ - ） were examined in metaLLurgical wastewaters, the seeping water from a tailing dam, mine water and rivers in the Xikuangshan antimony mine area, 14unan province, China. The results showed that the mineralization degree was 549.5 - 1640.0 mg·L^-1 （ mean 1004.3 mg· L^ -1 ）, and total hardness was 472.9 - 1199.5mg·L^- 1 （ mean 895.8 mg·L ^- 1 ）. The concentration of antimony was 4581-29423μg· L^ - 1 （ mean 10068μg· L^ - 1 ）. The concentrations of the heavy metals such as mercury, arsenic and selenium were highest in the seeping water from the tailing dam （ 12. 9, 1617. 2 and 34.5μg · L^-1 , respectively）. The contents of antimony and selenium in river waters gradually decreased downstream from mining areas, due to dilution of the mining waters by mixing with downstream river waters. This study provides the chemical characteristics of the mining wastewater as well as indicates the importance of water treatment of the polluted mining waters from the antimony mine.

关 键 词：锡矿山 水体 矿化度 硬度 重金属 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]