超临界甲醇法制备生物柴油  

Biodiesel Produced in Supercritical Methanol

作　　者：邢存章[1] 谭明臣[1] 吕海亮[1] 高菲[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东轻工业学院化学工程学院,山东济南250353

出　　处：《石油化工高等学校学报》2009年第1期9-12,共4页Journal of Petrochemical Universities

基　　金：山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金(2005BS08002)

摘　　要：考察了花椒油、单酸在超临界甲醇中反应温度、压力、时间、醇油(酸)摩尔比及酸价对其转化率的影响;研究了反应过程中的化学反应动力学规律。花椒油酯交换反应的最佳工艺条件:温度为300℃,压力为15MPa,时间为2h,醇油摩尔比为6∶1,脂肪酸甲酯收率(花椒油转化率)可达85%以上;而单酸酯化反应的最佳反应温度为300℃,压力为15MPa,时间为2h,醇酸摩尔比为5∶1,单酸甲酯收率(单酸转化率)可达95%以上。花椒油、单酸柴油的主要性质与普通柴油的性质接近,基本符合美国的生物柴油质量标准。In supereritical methanol reaction of zanthoxylum bungea maxim oil and single acid, the influence of reaction temperature, pressure, time, molar ratio of methanol to zanthoxylum bungea maxim oil（single acid） and acid value were discussed. Reaction kinetics in supercritical methanol was also investigated. The results show that more than 85% of the yield of aliphatic methyl esters can be obtained under the optimal reaction parameters such as temperature （300 ℃）, pressure （15 MPa）, reaction time （2 h） and molar ratio of methanol to zanthoxylum bungea maxim oil （6 ： 1）. And more than 95% of single acid methyl esters can be obtained under the following conditions： the temperature is 300 ℃, the pressure is 15 MPa, the time is 2 h and molar ratio of methanol to single acid is 5 ： 1. The properties of biodiesel are very close to the common diesel oil and mainly accord with the quality standard of American biodiesel.

关 键 词：生物柴油 花椒油 单酸 超临界流体技术 反应动力学 

分 类 号：O621.251[理学—有机化学]