历史“知识论”与西方史学理论  

Historical Epistemology and Western Historical Theory

作　　者：陈启云[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学历史学院国际多元文化综合研究所 [2]美国加州大学(圣芭芭拉校区)历史系

出　　处：《天津师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2009年第2期34-39,共6页Journal of Tianjin Normal University(Social Science)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点基地项目(08JJD840205)

摘　　要：西方的"知识论"对史学和史学理论有着持久的影响,古代希腊和罗马文化的"理本"传统,近代欧洲的"人本"趋向,科学实证主义和专业历史学的产生,反理性思潮对史学的冲击,以及近几十年来后现代主义思潮对史学的批评,无不与"知识论"有关。以"知识论"为基础的西方史学理论总的倾向是否定历史理性,其所论不无道理,但总的说来不失偏颇。This article analyzes and comments on the changes in the conception of ＂truth/reality＂ and in the attitude toward historical scholarship in the West, from ancient Greece （Plato and Herodotus, etc. ） to the 20th century （historicism, language-analysis, postmodernism, etc. ）. Whereas in the ancient West, philosophy is mother of all sciences, in the 19th-21＂t centuries, ＂historicism＂ is hailed as the uniquely modern view of cultural reality. However, both ＂historicism＂ and ＂postmodernism＂ still retain some of the Western traditional philosophical-ideological ＂essentialism＂ in various gists.

关 键 词：知识论 历史主义 现代主义 后现代主义 

分 类 号：K09[历史地理—历史学]