精神分裂症一级亲属认知功能缺陷的研究与干预  

Study and intervene on cognitive functional defect in the first degree relatives of schizophrenia

作　　者：陈祖金[1] 林跃泉 范红[1] 聂红[1] 廖英[1] 袁洪彬[1] 蔡捷[2] 

机构地区：[1]四川省遂宁市民康医院,四川遂宁629000 [2]南充市精神卫生中心

出　　处：《中国民康医学》2009年第5期443-447,共5页Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Health

摘　　要：目的：探讨精神分裂症一级亲属认知功能缺陷及其干预。方法：对收集的130例精神分裂症一级亲属（研究组）与117例对照者（对照组）采用威斯康星卡片分类测验（WCST）与持续操作测验（CPT）评估与比较其认知功能，并将有认知功能缺陷的精神分裂症一级亲属随机分为空白干预组（A1）和心理干预组（A2）进行干预前、干预12周末与1年后的评估与比较。结果：（1）研究组在WCST的总测验次数、持续错误数、随机错误数等方面均显著高于对照组（P〈0．01），但在CPT中两组间差异无显著性（P〉0．05）；研究组在WCST中有认知功能缺陷的例数显著高于对照组（P〈0．01），而在CPT中两组间差异无显著性（P〉0．05）；在WCST中的持续错误数和CPT的得分与文化程度、性别、年龄的相关性无显著意义（P〉0．05），且WCST的持续错误数与CPT的得分的相关性也无显著意义（P〉0．05）；（2）A1、A2两组在干预前的各项指标均无显著性差异（P〉0．05）；在干预12周末与1年后评估，A1组与干预前无显著差异（P〉0．05），A2组在WCST的总测验次数、持续错误数等方面均显著高于干预前（P〈0．05），且A1、A2两组间在WCST的持续错误数差异有极显著性（P〈0．01），但在CPT中两组干预前后及组间的得分差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论：部分精神分裂症一级亲属存在认知功能缺陷；心理干预对精神分裂症一级亲属的认知功能缺陷有明显改善作用，对精神分裂症一级亲属有认知功能缺陷者进一步发展成为精神分裂症具有预防作用，展现了精神分裂症的早期发现、早期干预与治疗的新前景。Objective：To explore intervention for the cognitive functional defect in the first degree relatives of schizophrenia. Methods ：130 cases（ research group） of the first degree relatives of schizophrenia and 117 normal controls （control group） were entered in the study. Wisconsin Card Sorting Test（WCST） and Continuous Performance Test（CPT） were used to evaluate cognitive function. The cognitive functional defect in the first degree relatives of schizophrenia were randomly assigned to vacancy intervention （A1） and psychological intervention （A2） , all were evaluated and compared before and after interventions for 12 weeks, a year. Results： In the WCST ,the total number of trials ,persistent errors and random errors were significantly higher in the research group than those in the control group（ P 〈 0.01 ）, the cases of cognitive functional defect were significantly more in the research group than those in the control group（ P 〈 0.01 ）, but there were no significant difference in the CPT（ P 〉 0.05 ）. There were no significant relativity between persistent errors of WCST, scores of CPT and ages, sex, education （P 〉 0.05 ）. Furthermore, there were no significant relativity between persistent errors of WCST and scores of CPT（ P 〉 0.05 ）. There were no significant difference between vacancy intervention（ A1 ） and psychological intervention （A2） before being intervened （P 〉 0.05 ）. After interventions for 12 weeks and a year,in the WCST, the persistent errors were significantly higher in the A2 than those in the A1 （P 〈0.01 ） , the total number of trials and persistent errors were significantly than before intervention in the A2 （ P 〈 0.05 ） , but there were no significant difference in the A1. Furthermore, there were no significant difference in the CPT（ P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusions ： Part of the first degree relatives of schizophrenia have cognitive function defect（ attention and working memory/executive function impairment）. Psy

关 键 词：精神分裂症 一级亲属 认知功能 心理干预 

分 类 号：R749.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]