明矾对玉米(Zea mays L.)根尖细胞的遗传毒性效应  

Genotoxicity of Alum on the Root Tip Cells of Corn(Zea mays L.)

作　　者：李国庆[1] 顾志鞠[1,2] 易岚[1] 贺庆芝[1] 殷杰I 刘运莲[1] 杨露青[1] 秦志峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]南华大学生命科学与技术学院生物科学系,湖南衡阳421001 [2]复旦大学发育生物学和分子医学研究所

出　　处：《南华大学学报（医学版）》2008年第6期741-744,共4页Journal of Nanhua University(Medical Edition)

摘　　要：目的研究明矾对玉米（Zea mays L.）根尖细胞微核及异常有丝分裂的诱导,阐明明矾对玉米根尖细胞的遗传毒性效应。方法以玉米根尖为实验材料,用不同浓度的明矾为诱变剂,处理24h,测定玉米根尖细胞的有丝分裂指数、微核率和染色体畸变率。结果不同浓度明矾均能诱发较高微核率和染色体畸变率（P〈0.05）,在同样的条件下,0.1-1.0 g/L明矾处理下玉米根尖细胞微核率和染色体畸变率显著升高并达到最高值,而1.0-2.0 g/L明矾处理下玉米根尖细胞微核率和染色体畸变率下降并趋于平缓。同时在低浓度明矾作用下,玉米根尖细胞分裂有显著的加速现象。当明矾浓度到达一定程度后,表现为玉米根尖细胞分裂减少。结论明矾诱发玉米根尖细胞高微核率和有丝分裂异常,明矾对玉米根尖细胞具有明显的细胞遗传学毒性效应。Objective To evaluate the genotoxicity of alum on the root tip cells of corn（Zea mays L.）from the induction of micronucleus frequency and chromosome abnormity of alum on Zea mays L.. Methods The cytogenetic damage in root tip cells exposed to alum solutions at five different concentrations（0.1 g/L,0.5 g/L,1.0 g/L,1.5 g/L,2.0 g/L） was evaluated with biological tests based on micronucles,chromosome aberration and mitotic index in Zea mays L.. Results All the alums with different concentrations induced high micronucleus rates and chromosome aberration rates（P〈0.05）.Besides,in the same condition,the alum（1.0 g/L） induced the highest micronucleus rates,chromosome aberration rates.Mixed with the alum with the low concentration,the root tip cells of Zea mays L.accelerated the segmentation.As the concentration increases to some extent,the segmentation becomes less. Conclusion The alum has toxic effect on root tip cells of Zea mays L.in the cytogenetics while the latter＇s inflection to the alum＇s toxicity could be used to examine the alum＇s pollution.

关 键 词：明矾 玉米根尖细胞 微核 染色体畸变 有丝分裂指数 

分 类 号：Q943[生物学—植物学]