双层集装箱车辆和棚车气动性能的比较  

Comparison of aerodynamic performances between double container car and boxcar

作　　者：李燕飞[1] 梁习锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]轨道交通安全教育部重点实验室,中南大学交通运输工程学院,湖南长沙410075

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第1期169-174,共6页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：铁道部科技发展计划项目(Z2007-068)

摘　　要：基于三维定常不可压Reynolds时均Navier-Stokes方程和k-ε双方程模型,采用有限体积法对横风、路堤、挡风墙等环境耦合下运行的双层集装箱车辆和棚车的气动性能进行数值分析。研究结果表明:双层集装箱车辆周围流场较棚车复杂,前者横向力与侧滚力矩均比后者的大;无挡风墙时,双层集装箱车辆和棚车的气动力与路堤高度均呈线性关系,前者横向力及侧滚力矩与路堤高度的线性比例系数均比后者的大,分别为5.37和-11.09,对棚车则分别为3.53和-10.46;有挡风墙时,两车的气动力差值随路堤高度增加而减小,路堤高度0m时其差值最大,前者横向力较后者大57.12kN,侧滚力矩则大177.11kN·m;设置挡风墙后,车辆横向力和侧滚力矩大大减小,路堤高度越高,减小幅度越明显,表明挡风墙对提高大风区尤其是高路堤区段的车辆气动性能效果显著。Based on three dimensional, steady, incompressible Navier-Stokes equation and k-ε turbulence model, finite volume method was adopted to carry out aerodynamic force numerical analysis of double container car and boxcar which run on complex conditions of strong wind, embankment and wind-break wall. The results indicate that the flow field around double container car is more complex than those of boxcar. Side force and overturning moment that double container car receives are bigger than those of boxcar. To no wind-break wall, the relationship between aerodynamic force of cars and embankment height is linear. Side force and overturning moment linear coefficients of double container car are bigger than those of boxcar, 5.37 and -11.09 for the former, 3.53 and -10.46 for the latter. With wind-break wall, the aerodynamic differences decrease with the increase of embankment height. On 0m height embankment, side force difference is 57.12 kN, and the overturning moment is 177.11 kN·m. Side force and overturning moment of cars decrease greatly behind wind-break wall, and the reduction becomes bigger with the increase of embankment height, which shows wind-break wall has significant effect on improvement of car aerodynamic performance in strong wind section especially on embankment.

关 键 词：双层集装箱车辆 棚车 气动性能 数值分析 

分 类 号：U270.11[机械工程—车辆工程]