汶川5·12地震次生泥石流沟应急判识方法与指标  

Emergency Judge Method and Index of Debris-Flow Sites Triggered by 5·12 Wenchuan Earthquake

作　　者：陈宁生[1,2,3] 黄蓉[1] 李欢[4] 谢万银[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室 [2]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 [3]四川省山区减灾工程技术研究中心,四川成都610041 [4]四川大学水电学院,四川成都610065

出　　处：《山地学报》2009年第1期108-114,共7页Mountain Research

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAJ06B02)资助~~

摘　　要：5·12汶川大地震诱发了崩塌、滑坡、泥石流等次生灾害,崩塌、滑坡堆积物给泥石流的形成提供了大量松散固体物质,将导致灾区部分山洪沟转化为泥石流沟,为此,给出了一种泥石流沟的判识方法和指标。调查发现,汶川灾区的地形地貌和降雨条件满足泥石流的暴发条件,提出用流域单位面积的松散固体物质方量来判识泥石流沟;调查西部山区的50条泥石流沟,提出以0.1m3/m2的松散固体物质量作为泥石流沟的判别指标,以2m3/m2的松散固体物质量作为粘性泥石流沟的判别指标。The 512 Wenchuan earthquake occurred along Longmenshan fault zone. Those regions are characteristic by complex geological structural and oversteepened slope by terms of field survey. The annual precipitation ranges from 490 mm to 1399 ram. Masses of rock avalanches and landslide induced by the earthquake supply abundant solid matter to the formation of debris flow, which would result in the transformation of normal gullies to debris flow ones that aggravate the damage of debris flow hazards. In order to decrease the loss caused by debris flow, an emergency judge method and index of debris flow are put foreword and soil material quantity per unit area is put foreword to separate the debris flow from the flood gully in quake - hit area in this paper. According to 50 debris-flow sites in the west earthquake area of China, the index of 0.1 （ m^3/m^2 ） soil material is reasonably to be used to separate debris flow sites from flood sites and the index of 2（m^3/m^2） soil material is applied to separate the viscous debrisflow sites from the microviscous debris flow.

关 键 词：地震 泥石流沟 判识 松散固体物质量 

分 类 号：P315.2[天文地球—地震学] P642.23[天文地球—固体地球物理学]