中国七个地区精神发育迟滞流行病学调查  

Epidemiological survey on mental retardation in 7 areas of China

作　　者：罗开林[1,2,3,4,5,6,7] 翟书涛[1,2,3,4,5,6,7] 沈渔笛 张维熙 李淑然[1,2,3,4,5,6,7] 陈昌惠 黄悦勤[1,2,3,4,5,6,7] 王金荣 王德平[1,2,3,4,5,6,7] 涂健 宁佐喜[1,2,3,4,5,6,7] 付力牧 纪丽萍 刘志广 吴化民 严和 孟国荣 

机构地区：[1]南京脑科医院 [2]北京医科大学精神卫生研究所 [3]黑龙江省大庆市第三医院 [4]湖南省精神病医院 [5]吉林省神经精神病医院 [6]辽宁省精神病防治院 [7]上海市精神卫生中心

出　　处：《中华精神科杂志》1998年第2期78-80,共3页Chinese Journal of Psychiatry

摘　　要：目的了解９０年代精神发育迟滞患病率的变化。方法于１９９３年在７个地区进行流行病学调查。在１９８２年调查方法的基础上，增加儿童用韦克斯勒智力量表对７～１４岁患儿进行智商测查和适应行为判定；用成人智残评定量表评定≥１５岁患者的智力残疾。结果在≥１５岁人口（１９２２３人）中精神发育迟滞的患病率为２．８４‰（６２例），较１９８２年（３．３３‰）有降低趋势（Ｐ＞０．０５）；成人智力残疾平均分为１１．２７分，６２例均为中度及其以上智力残疾。结论精神发育迟滞应列为精神疾病防治重点之一。Objective The aim of this study was to understand the epidemiological changes of mental retardation in China between 1982 and the 90s. Methods Based on the 1982 investigation, the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children was added to assess the intelligence disability for those aged 7—14 years old, and those aged over 15 years were assess with adult intelligence disability assessment instrument. Results The present prevalence rate (2.84‰) of mental retardation in 19 223 subjects aged ≥15 years tended to be lower than last one (3.33‰), but no significant difference was noted ( P >0.05). The mean score of the adult intelligence disabilities was 11.27, indicating moderate and severe intelligence disability. Conclusion Mental retardation should be one of the emphases on the prevention for the mental illnesses.

关 键 词：精神发育迟滞 智力 残疾鉴定 流行病学 

分 类 号：R749.940.1[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]