长期住院慢性精神分裂症患者社会技能训练效果评价  

Effectiveness evaluation of the social skills training among chronic schizophrenic patients requiring prolonged hospitalization

作　　者：吴建杰 段媛卿 张建萍 张俊江 张佩燕 王晓珺 

机构地区：[1]山西省荣军精神康宁医院,山西太谷030800

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2009年第3期214-216,共3页Chinese Journal of Health Education

摘　　要：目的探讨社会技能训练对长期住院的慢性精神分裂症患者社会功能的影响。方法在山西省荣军精神康宁医院长期住院的慢性精神分裂症患者中选取符合入组标准和排除标准的82人,随机分为干预组40人和对照组42人。干预组按顺序实施语言训练、角色训练和职业技能培训,疗程12个月。干预前1个月内和干预后1个月内,采用大体评定量表(GAS)、日常生活能力量表(ADL)、简易智力状态检查(MMSE)、住院精神病人社会功能评定量表(SSPI)和阴性症状评定量表(SANS)对两组患者的精神症状、社会功能和生活自理能力进行评估。结果两组患者在年龄、病程、疾病亚型、抗精神病药物、阳性家族史等方面的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后,干预组GAS、ADL、SSPI和SANS得分优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),MMSE得分与对照组的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预组自身比较,干预后SSPI、ADL、GAS、SANS量表得分显著优于干预前(P<0.05)。结论社会技能训练能较好的缓解慢性精神分裂症患者的精神症状,改善其社会功能和日常生活能力,降低或延缓精神残疾,是较为有效的精神康复措施。Objective To investigate the influence of social skills training on social function among chronic schizophrenic patients requiring prolonged hospitalization. Methods A total of 82 cases were randomly divided into the intervention group （40 cases） and the control group （42 cases）. Only the intervention group accepted the language training, the role training and the professional skill training during 12 months. Mental symptoms, social function and the abihty of daily life of patients were assessed respectively by GAS, ADL, MMSE, SSPI and SANS within 1 month before and after the intervention. Results The age, disease, disease subtype, antipsychotics and positive family history were no differences between two groups （P 〉 0. 05 ）. GAS, ADL, SSPI and SANS scores of the intervention group were significantly higher than the control group （ P 〈 0. 05 ）, MMSE scores was no significant difference between two groups （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. After the intervention, SSPI, ADL, GAS, SANS scores were significantly better than those before intervention. Conclusion As an effective rehabilitation measure, social skills training could alleviate psychotic symptoms, improve social functions and daily living skills and reduce the emergence of mental disability of chronic schizophrenia patients.

关 键 词：慢性精神分裂症 社会技能训练 住院患者 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R749.3[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]