闽北地质灾害与降水关系分析  

Analysis of geological hazard and its relationship with precipitation in northern Fujian

作　　者：蒋宗孝 江彩英[2] 王加义 张信华[2] 黄元森[2] 黄廷炎[2] 应凌云[2] 

机构地区：[1]福建省三明市气象局,福建三明365000 [2]福建省南平市气象局,福建南平353000 [3]福建省气象科研所,福州350001

出　　处：《世界地质》2009年第1期127-133,共7页World Geology

基　　金：福建省科技厅重大专项前期研究项目-基于CIS的南平市地质灾害气象等级预警系统研究(2005YZ1030)

摘　　要：闽北是地质灾害的易发区。通过分析闽北地质灾害与降水的关系,建立了闽北地质灾害与降水的关系模型(有效雨量),并应用GIS技术开发了闽北地质灾害气象预警系统。分析结果表明:闽北地质灾害的发生与近10天的降水均有关系,与当天大暴雨和近3天降水的关系最为密切,群发性地质灾害大多在近3天合计雨量≥180 mm或近3天雨量≥100 mm且中4天(或远3天)有连续性暴雨的情况下出现。降水量(有效雨量)大小与地质灾害的发生呈指数关系,出现地质灾害的有效雨量为:在中南部高易发区为60 mm,在中北部中易发区为75～80 mm,在北部低易发区为100 mm。Geological hazards often occur in northern Fujian. Analying the relationship between geological hazards and precipitation in northern Fujian, the authors establish the relational model （available precipitation） of the geological hazards, and early warning system with GIS has been developed. Analysis result shows that the emergence of geological hazards in northern Fujian are relate with the precipitation in near 10 days, and the closest relationship is intraday heavy rain and the precipitation in near 3 days. Clustering geological hazards are mostly occurved when the precipitation in near 3 days ≥ 180 mm, or the precipitation in near 3 days ≥ 100 mm and there are continuity heavy rains in mid 4 days （ or far 3 days）. The precipitation （available precipitation） presents exponential relationship with the geological hazards, and the available precipitation of geological hazards occuring in northern Fujian are ： 60 mm in the middle and south parts of the highest easily occuring regions, 75 - 80 mm in the middle and north parts of the moderate easily oecuring regions, 100 mm in north part of the lowest easily occuring regions.

关 键 词：地质灾害 有效雨量 闽北 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]