杭嘉湖流域某源头沟渠沉积物氮及磷的吸附  

Ammonium and phosphate adsorption on the sediment in the headwaters of the Hang-Jia-Hu watershed

作　　者：翟丽华[1] 刘鸿亮[1,2] 席北斗[2] 徐红灯[3] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境科学与工程系,北京100084 [2]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [3]北京化工大学环境工程系,北京100029

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第3期373-376,共4页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家“九七三”重点基础研究项目(2002CB410800-07,2005CB724203,2002CB412302)

摘　　要：为揭示氮、磷在农业沟渠中的迁移转化机制，研究沟渠沉积物的吸附特性。通过吸附实验，研究氨氮和磷酸盐的吸附动力学及吸附等温线特征。结果表明，沉积物对氨氮和磷酸盐的吸附是一个复合动力学过程，主要吸附过程发生在0～5h之内，氨氮、磷酸盐最大吸附速率分别为160mg·kg^-1·h^-1和300mg·kg^-1·h^-1，在实验浓度范围内，氨氮和磷酸盐的吸附等温线均呈良好线性变化；与同流域内湖泊河流相比，氮、磷在农田沟渠中并末大量累积；当pH在5～9之间变化时，pH值升高有利于沟渠沉积物对氨氮的吸附，而磷酸盐的吸附能力随pH值的降低而增强。Static adsorption experiments were performed to investigate the transformation mechanisms of nitrogen and phosphor in open few channel. The experiments show that the ammonium and phosphate are mainly adsorbed on the sediment within 0 - 5 h with maximum adsorption rates of ammonium and phosphate in the channel sediment of 160 mg·kg^-1 ·h^-1 for ammonium and 300 mg·kg^-1 ·h^-1 for phosphate. The adsorption isotherms for the ammonium and phosphate are linear on the tested range. The measurements show that waters, N and P do not accumulate much in ditches. Effects of pH on the adsorption of ammonium and phosphat were observed. When the pH altered from 5 to 9, the adsorption ability of ammonium was bigger than that in acidic condition. While the adsorption ability of phosphate declined gradually with the increasing pH.

关 键 词：沟渠沉积物 氨氮 磷酸盐 吸附 PH 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]