营养条件对荷斯坦公犊生长发育及血液中激素水平的影响  

Effect of Feeding Condition on Growth Performance and Blood Hormone Levels of Veal Calves

作　　者：刘扬[1] 昝林森[1] 林立亚[1] 宋爱龙 茹彩霞 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西安现代农业综合开发总公司畜牧分公司,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2009年第5期25-30,共6页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：“十一五”国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD04A11);陕西省重大科技专项(2006KZ07-G1);西北农林科技大学拔尖人才计划

摘　　要：选择同期出生的48头中国荷斯坦公犊,在其1月龄时随机分为4组,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组分别采用全乳、全乳+精料、代乳粉(料)和精料(对照组)进行饲养,研究不同日粮饲喂犊牛对其生长发育的影响。结果表明:Ⅰ组的体重在2～6月龄时均显著高于Ⅲ、Ⅳ组(P<0.05);尽管Ⅲ组的体重和日增重在2月龄时显著低于另3组(P<0.05),但到6月龄时,其日增重达到1.35kg/d,且与Ⅰ组无显著差异(P>0.05)并明显高于Ⅳ组(P<0.05)。说明代乳料饲喂的犊牛在后期的生长能够接近全乳饲喂的水平。4组间体长指数和髋胸指数在分组饲养后的开始几个月里存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。体重、日增重以及多数体尺指标均与T3和GH浓度呈显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)相关,T4和INS浓度仅与体斜长、体长指数和髋胸指数呈显著(P<0.05)相关,且日增重仅与T3浓度有极显著相关(P<0.01)。Ⅰ组犊牛的血清中T3浓度在2～6月龄时均显著高于Ⅳ组(P<0.05),且除6月龄以外,其余各月龄时均显著高于Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。说明血清中T3浓度可能是能反映并监控荷斯坦犊牛生长发育和营养情况的重要指标。In order to determine the effect of diet on growth performance, 48 fall-born Holstein male calves were divided into 4 groups （ Ⅰ , Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ） and fed with exclusively milk, milk apposition withconcentrated feed, milk replacer and exclusively concentrated feed, respectively, beside alfalfa hay after age of 1 month. Blood samples were collected at age of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 months, and body measurement and body weight were recorded too. The shape indexes and daily gains in each month were calculated. The calves in group I had larger （P 〈 0.05） body weight than those in group Ⅲ and Ⅳat 2-6 months. Though the body weight and daily gain in group m was lower （P 〈 0.05） than those in other groups significantly, the calves in groups Ⅲ had an average daily gain of 1.35kg/d at 6 months in age and it was larger than that calves in group Ⅳ （P 〈 0.05） and not differ from that in group Ⅰ （P 〉 0.05）. There were some differences （P 〈 0.05） in body length index and hip-chest index among some groups at the first few months. Body weight, average daily weight, and most dimensional indicators were correlated with the concentration of T3 and GH in serum（P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）. The concentration of T4 and INS were only correlated with body length, body length index and hip-chest index significantly （P 〈 0.05）. And the average daily gain was only correlated with the concentration of T3（P 〈 0.01）. The concentration of T3 in serum of calves in group Ⅰ was greater （P 〈 0.05） than that in group IV at age of 2-6 months, and except at their 6 months in age, it was greater than those in group Ⅲ too. It was implicated that the concentration of T3 in serum may be an important signal of the status of growth performance and nutrition in veal calves.

关 键 词：体重 日增重 体尺指数 激素 荷斯坦公犊 小牛肉 

分 类 号：S823.5[农业科学—畜牧学]