语篇语境对句子理解的影响:来自N400的证据  

Sentence Comprehension in Discourse Context:Evidence from the N400

作　　者：曾红玲[1] 刘思耘[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学心理学院,武汉430079 [2]华中师范大学人的发展与心理健康湖北省重点实验室,武汉430079

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2009年第2期314-320,共7页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：2007年教育部人文社会科学研究项目(07JAXLX004);华中师范大学人的发展与心理健康湖北省重点实验室2008年开放课题项目(200801)。

摘　　要：N400作为语义违反的特异性ERP组分,其波幅反映了语义整合加工过程的难度,因此可将其作为研究语篇语境意义建构过程的一项重要指标。语篇语境可分为语言语境和非语言语境。前人一系列基于语篇水平的N400研究表明,从语义的角度上看,语言语境对句子理解具有制约和协调作用,其机制涉及词汇语义启动、场景适宜性、文字内容信息以及因果推理等方面;非语言语境对句子理解具有制约和补充作用,但其机制尚不明确。两种不同来源的语义信息在实时理解中是同时得到加工的。The N400 component of ERP implies anomalous processing in language semantics, its amplitude reflects the difficulty of semantic integration during processing.The N400 can be used as an important index to observe how meaning is constructed under discourse context.Discourse context can be categorized into linguistic context and nonlinguistic context.Previous studies on discourse processes using the N400 indicated that the linguistic context plays a constraining and coordinating role in sentence comprehension, which were found to specifically function in aspects of semantic priming in words, scenario goodness-of-fit, text message and causal inference;whereas the nonlinguistic context plays a constraining and complementary role in sentence comprehension, with its functional mechanism not known very well.The semantic information from the two different sources may probably be processed in parallel during the on-line comprehension.

关 键 词：上文语境 ERP 语义加工 N400 

分 类 号：B842.5[哲学宗教—基础心理学]