环境内分泌干扰物毒理学研究  

Toxicological Research on Environmental Endocrine Disruptors

作　　者：史熊杰[1] 刘春生[1] 余珂[1] 邓军[1] 余丽琴[1] 周炳升[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所,武汉430072

出　　处：《化学进展》2009年第2期340-349,共10页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.20897013)资助

摘　　要：传统上,环境内分泌干扰物的研究对象主要是对动物生殖器官的作用。但是脊椎动物体内存在复杂的内分泌系统,来调节其生长发育及繁殖。本文从环境内分泌干扰物对生物完整内分泌系统的影响总结了最近的研究进展。内分泌干扰物可通过作用于下丘脑-脑垂体-性腺轴的内分泌系统途径,影响重要激素或者受体,并最终影响动物的繁殖;也可作用于下丘脑-脑垂体-甲状腺轴途径,影响甲状腺激素的合成、转运、结合等过程,破坏甲状腺激素内环境的稳定而对生长发育造成危害。环境污染物也可通过影响类固醇激素的合成途径,即通过非受体途径而发挥内分泌干扰物作用。水体缺氧也可干扰鱼类的内分泌系统,因此也是内分泌干扰物。分子生物学技术,如组学、转基因技术等不仅可为环境污染物的内分泌干扰作用的危险评价提供可靠的手段而且也可揭示污染物作用的模式。Most evidence in terms of endocrine dsiruptors （EDs） mainly originates from studies on reproductive organs. However, in veterbrates, the ability to attain reproductive and development success relays on the intact organization of a complex endocrine system. Disturbances in the regulation of the key hormones and receptors functioning along this system may cause detrimental effects on reproduction and development. Here we reviewed recent studies of EDs on endocrine system. EDs may act on key hormones and receptors along with the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonald （HPG） axis and lead to reproductive failure. Thyroid disruption may be caused at different levels, for example, the synthesis, transport, binding and cellular uptake along with the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid （HPT） axis. Knowledge of model of action EDs is largely via receptors-mediated pathway and alternatively may affect on steroid hormone synthesis. Aquatic hypoxia can influence fish reproduction and thus it is also an endocrine disruptor. Molecular techniques, such as toxicomics, transgenic fish will be employed as powerful tools for environmental EDs risk assessment, as well as in elucidating mechanisms of model action.

关 键 词：内分泌干扰物 内分泌系统 危险评价 毒理学 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X826