20世纪60年代中期亚非夏季风减弱的全球气候背景异常分析  

Global Climatic Anomalous Background Analyses of the Asian-African Summer Monsoon Weakening in the Mid-1960s

作　　者：宋燕[1,2,3] 季劲钧[4] 孙丹[5] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局气候研究开放实验室,北京100081 [2]中国气象局成都高原气象研究所成都高原气象开放实验室,成都610071 [3]中国气象局培训中心,北京100081 [4]中国科学院大气物理研究所东亚区域气候-环境重点实验室,全球变化东亚区域研究中心,北京100029 [5]云南省气候中心,昆明650034

出　　处：《大气科学》2009年第2期313-324,共12页Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：中国气象局气候研究开放实验室2006年度开放课题LCS-2006-01;2007年中国气象局气候变化专项;成都高原气象开放实验室开放课题LPM2005003

摘　　要：利用美国NASA格点月降水总量资料、美国CO2信息分析中心地表面温度异常月平均网格点资料、美国NCEP/NCAR再分析全球网格点资料和兰州高原大气物理研究所的台站地温观测资料分析了1960年代中期亚非夏季风环流圈年代际时间尺度的减弱及其与之有关的全球气候场异常现象。结果发现,1960年代中期全球对流层大气温度和海洋温度场发生异常变化,对流层大气有明显降温,海洋主要以印度洋升温、北太平洋和北大西洋降温为主要特征,同时,我国大陆土壤温度和青藏高原温度在1960年代中期有明显的下降,导致亚洲大陆与印度洋之间的热力对比明显减弱,东风急流减弱,最终导致亚非夏季风明显减弱。Based on the American NASA monthly precipitation grid data,the monthly mean surface temperature anomalies grid data from the CO2 Information Analyses Centre,USA,the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis global grid data and the stations observational soil temperature data from the Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,the authors study the Asian-African summer monsoon meridional circulation weakening in the mid-1960s on interdecadal time scale and the related global climatic anomalies phenomena. The results show that the tropospheric temperature reduced obviously and the global oceanic temperature abnormal changes in the mid-1960s are mainly characterized by SST increasing in the Indian Ocean and SST decreasing in the northern Pacific Ocean and the northern Atlantic Ocean. Simultaneously,the soil temperatures at 1.6-m and 3.2-m depths in Chinese continent and the surface temperature in the Tibetan Plateau decreased respectively and remarkably in the mid-1960s,which reduces the thermal contrast between Asian continent and the Indian Ocean. Accordingly,the easterly jet weakened,finally the Asian-African summer monsoon weakened too and the monsoon meridional circulation weakened obviously.

关 键 词：亚非夏季风 季风环流圈 气候场异常 海陆热力对比 东风急流 

分 类 号：P462[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]