混合发酵蛋白替代鱼粉对奥尼罗非鱼幼鱼生长、营养物质消化率及血清非特异性免疫的影响  

Effect of fermented mixure-protein replacing fish meal on growth,apparent digestibility coefficients and serum non-specific immunity of tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus×O. aureus)

作　　者：刘勇[1] 冷向军[1] 李小勤[1] 李惠 刘爱君[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]宁波市宁海县海洋与渔业局,浙江宁波315600

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2009年第2期160-166,共7页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：上海市重点学科建设项目(Y1101)

摘　　要：以含9%鱼粉的基础饲料为对照组,以0%,4.8%,9.6%,14.4%混合发酵蛋白(鲜杂鱼∶豆粕=1∶1)分别替代饲料中0%,3%,6%,9%鱼粉(相当于鱼粉用量的0/3,1/3,2/3,3/3)配制四组等氮、等能饲料,饲养奥尼罗非鱼,考察混合发酵蛋白替代鱼粉对鱼体生长、营养物质消化率、体组成及血清非特异性免疫的影响。共进行3个试验,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ分别以奥尼罗非鱼稚鱼[(1.00±0.05)g]、鱼种[(17.57±1.06)g]为试验对象,分别进行为期8周和4周的饲养试验;试验Ⅲ测定了奥尼罗非鱼鱼种对饲料干物质及蛋白质消化率。结果表明:试验Ⅰ中,混合发酵蛋白替代鱼粉用量1/3、2/3时,奥尼罗非鱼增重率、饲料效率、特定增长率较对照组无显著差异(P>0.05);混合发酵蛋白全部替代鱼粉后鱼体生长性能显著降低,增重率较对照组降低5.2%(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ中各组奥尼罗非鱼增重率、饲料效率、特定增长率无显著差异(P>0.05),但随着混合发酵蛋白替代鱼粉用量的增加,增重率、饲料效率、特定增长率有降低趋势;各组间在肌肉组成及消化道蛋白酶活性上无显著差异(P>0.05);与对照组相比,混合发酵蛋白的使用能提高血清超氧化物歧化酶活性,而对碱性磷酸酶活性无影响。在饲料营养物质消化率方面,混合发酵蛋白不同比例替代鱼粉后对饲料干物质消化率,蛋白质消化率无显著影响(P>0.05)。上述研究表明:混合发酵蛋白可替代奥尼罗非鱼稚鱼饲料中2/3鱼粉(占饲料6%)及奥尼罗非鱼鱼种饲料中的全部鱼粉(占饲料9%),而不影响机体生长性能。Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the mixure- protein （FMP） on tilapias. The tilapias were fed with control feed was formulated to contain 9% fish meal, whereas 4.8, 9.6, 11.4% to replace 1/3,2/3, 3/3 of the fish meal. effect of replacing fish meal with fermented four isonitrogenous and isocaloric feeds. The in the other three feeds FMP was included at In EXP. Ⅰ , Eight hundred and forty juvenile tilapias [ initial body weight （ 1.00 ± 0.05 ） g ] were divided randomly to twelve pools （2.0 m × 1.5 m× 1.2 m） and fed to satiation for eight weeks, and each tank contained seventy fish; In the EXP. Ⅱ , two hundred and seventy- six fingerling tilapias[ initial body weight （ 17.57 ± 1.06） gl were divided randomly to twelve tanks（0.8 m × 0.5 m × 0.5 m） and fed to satiation for four weeks, and each tank contained twenty-three fish; EXP. m was conducted to evaluate apparent digestibility coefficients for tilapias, and the condition was same as EXP. Ⅱ. The results showed that repalcing 1/3, 2/3 fish meal with FMP didn＇t affect the growth of juvenile tilapia （P 〉 0.05 ） ; but the weight gain rate was decreased by 5.2% compared with control group when the fish meal was completely replaced （ P 〈 0.05 ） （ EXP. Ⅰ ） ; There were no significant differences in terms of weight gain rate（ WGR）, specific growth rate （SGR）, feed conversion ratio （FCR） among all groups in EXP. Ⅱ（ P 〉 0.05 ） ; No significant differences were observed in dry matter, moisture, lipid of muscle and the activities of protease in intestine among four groups （ P 〉 0.05 ） （ EXP. Ⅱ ） ; The activities of SOD were increased by using FMP in diets （P 〈 0.05） （ EXP. Ⅱ）. There was no significant difference in the term of apparent digestibility coefficients of different levels of fermented mixure-protein replacing fish meal （ P 〉 0.05 ） （EXP. Ⅲ ）. Results above showed that 2/3 and 3/3 fish meal could be replaced by FMP in the diet of juvenile and fingerl

关 键 词：混合发酵蛋白 奥尼罗非鱼 蛋白酶活性 消化率 非特异性免疫 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]