大气CO_2含量升高对稻田水体微量元素流失的潜在影响  

Potential effects of atmospheric carbon dioxide enrichment on the loss of microelements of paddy field water

作　　者：张莉[1] 郭嘉[1] 朱建国[2] 张卫建[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学应用生态研究所,江苏南京210095 [2]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,江苏南京210008 [3]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2009年第1期17-22,共6页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：中国农业科学院院所长基金项目(082060302-19);新世纪优秀人才资助计划项目(NCET-05-0492);科技部“十一五”支撑计划项目(2006BAD15B02,2006BAD02A15)

摘　　要：日益增多的研究表明,大气CO2含量升高能显著影响陆地生态系统的土壤微量元素状况,但有关湿地生态系统水体微量元素状况的相关研究非常少。为此,本研究借助我国稻田FACE(Free Air CO2 Enrichment)试验(位于江苏省江都市,始于2004年),于2007年对稻田水体中过滤性铁、过滤性锰和总锌的变化进行了动态监测。结果表明:大气CO2含量升高提高了稻田水体中过滤性铁,总锌及返青期、分蘖期和拔节期过滤性锰的质量浓度,但降低了孕穗期过滤性锰的质量浓度,与对照相比,FACE田块过滤性铁、总锌质量浓度平均提高了21.12%、50.20%;过滤性锰在返青期、分蘖期和拔节期平均提高了13.27%,孕穗期降低了18.03%;不同施氮水平下,过滤性铁、过滤性锰和总锌质量浓度差异不显著。上述结果还表明,大气CO2含量增高可能通过田间排水尤其是由水稻生长前期暴雨而导致的洪涝来加重稻田生态系统微量养分流失的风险。Increasing evidences showed that atmospheric CO2 enrichment could significantly influence soil microelement of terrestrial ecosystem, but little was known about microelement responses of wetland ecosystem to elevated CO2. Based on the FACE （free air CO2 enrichment） experiment in paddy field （started in 2004, located in Jiangdu county, Jiangsu province）, this research dynamically monitored the concentrations of filterable iron, filterable manganese and total zinc in paddy field water during rice growth stages in 2007. The results showed that atmospheric CO2 enrichment increased the concentration of filterable manganese during turning green period、tillering period and jointing period and the concentrations of filterable iron and total zinc, however, decreased the concentrations of filterable manganese at booting stage. Compared to the ambient plot, in FACE plot, the average concentrations of filterable iron and total zinc were respectively enhanced by 21.12% and 50.20%,and the average concentration of filterable manganese during turning green period、tillering period and jointing period was enhanced by 13.27% and reduced by 18.03% at booting stage. At different nitrogen fertilizer application levels, the differences of the filterable iron, filterable manganese and total zinc concentrations were not significant. These results indicate that atmospheric CO2 enrichment may aggravate the export of microelement from the paddy ecosystem to the surrounding environment through field drainage and rainstorms at the early stage of rice in the future.

关 键 词：稻田 大气CO2含量升高 微量元素 全球变化 

分 类 号：X142[环境科学与工程—环境科学]