圆齿野鸦椿Euscaphis konishii Hayata的生态生物学特性  

The ecological and biological characteristics of Euscaphis konishii

作　　者：许方宏 张倩媚[2] 王俊[2] 简曙光[2] 任海[2] 

机构地区：[1]广东湛江红树林国家级自然保护区管理局,广东湛江524033 [2]中国科学院华南植物园,广东广州510650

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2009年第1期306-309,共4页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：广东省自然基金项目(07118249);广东省和广州市攻关项目(2007J1-C0471;2006B60101034;2008A060207017);佛山市高明区科技计划项目(2007N03);广东省林业局科学技术计划项目

摘　　要：圆齿野鸦椿Euscaphis konishii Hayata是中国特有的常绿小乔木,为潜在的优良园林绿化、观果树种。文章对其树形与冠幅、叶片的形态解剖结构、光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔传导率、叶绿素含量、叶面积、生物量和生产力、植物营养元素等进行了系统的研究,研究表明:它属中性树种,种子较小,其光合曲线为单峰型,光合速率平均值为5.62μmol·m-2·s-1,蒸腾速率为3.6mmol·m-2·s-1,其气孔导度较大,水分利用效率低,苗期需荫蔽,长大后则需一定光照。圆齿野鸦椿生物量较低,其一年生苗平均生物量是(42.35±8.93)g,为中等生长速度,其苗期根系不深,可用一般营养袋育苗。圆齿野鸦椿体内加权平均养分含量较低,需要生于土壤肥沃、酸性、疏松、排水透气好、营养条件较好的地方或进行施肥。若要大量开发圆齿野鸦椿资源,需要考虑它的这些生态生物学特征,在其苗期与生长期采取不同的栽培管理措施。Euscaphis konishii is an evergreen tree species with potential in landscape greening. The studies on the ecological, biological and physiological characteristics showed that E. konishii is a moderate shade-tolerance species with an average photosynthetic rate of 5.62 μmol m-2s-1. Seedlings of E. konishii grew in shaded conditions, whereas certain light was needed for mature plants. The average biomass of 1-year-old seedlings of E. konishii was 42.35±8.93g, indicating a low level of biomass production and moderate growth rate of this species. E. konishii had a relatively low level of weighted nutrient concentration and need fertile soil for growing or fertilizer added during the process of growth. Thus, to exploit and utilize E. konishii widely, all this biological characteristics should be considered.

关 键 词：圆齿野鸦椿 生物量 光合速率 形态特征 营养成分 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]