引起石榴枯萎病和甘薯黑斑病的甘薯长喙壳菌菌株生物学特性的比较研究  

The comparative study on biological characteristics of Ceratocystis fimbriata isolates causing pomegranate wilt and sweet potato black rot

作　　者：李倩[1] 邓吉[1,2] 杨敏[1,3] 李健强[1] 先正达 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学植物病理学系农业部植物病理学重点开放实验室,北京1001932 [2](中国)投资有限公司,上海200120 [3]云南农业大学教育部农业生物多样性与病害控制重点实验室,昆明650201

出　　处：《菌物学报》2009年第2期189-196,共8页Mycosystema

基　　金：教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(No.NCET-04-0128)

摘　　要：采用菌丝生长速率法对引起石榴枯萎病和甘薯黑斑病的甘薯长喙壳菌的形态特征,及其在不同培养基、光照、温度、pH值等基本培养条件下菌丝的生长速率等生物学特性的差异进行了比较研究。结果表明,在不同处理培养条件下,石榴枯萎病菌生长速度均快于甘薯黑斑病菌,其菌落形态存在较大差异。二者在甘薯葡萄糖培养基(SPDA)上生长速率最快。在黑暗条件下的生长速率比12h光暗交替、光照处理显著增大。二者最适生长温度皆为25℃,石榴枯萎病菌菌丝生长温度范围为10-36℃,而甘薯黑斑病菌的菌丝生长温度范围为10-33℃。二者菌丝在pH4-12范围内均能生长,最适pH值为6。石榴枯萎病菌菌丝的致死温度为50℃处理10min或52℃处理5min,甘薯黑斑病菌菌丝的致死温度为48℃处理10min或50℃处理5min。二者在完全培养液中产孢量最大,菌丝生长速率随培养基中葡萄糖浓度的减小而增大。A comparative study on biological characteristics was conducted to evaluate the difference of media, light duration, temperature and pH values on mycelial growth rate and morphological characteristics between two isolates S-C. f and G-C. f of Ceratocystisfimbriata causing pomegranate wilt and sweet potato black rot. The results indicate that the mycelial growth rate of the isolate S-C. ffrom pomegranate （Punica granatum） was much faster than the isolate G-C. ffrom sweet potato （Ipomoea batatas） in all experimental culture conditions. There was an obvious difference on colony morphology between the two isolates. The two isolates grew much faster on sweet potato dextrose agar （SPDA） as compared with those on other media and their growth rate was significantly higher in 24h darkness than that in 12h light and 12h dark alternation or 24h light. The isolates from pomegranate and sweep potato could survive in the temperature range of 10--36℃ and 10--33℃ respectively, and the optimum temperature was 25℃ for both of them. The pH range of mycelial growth was 4 to 12 and the most suitable pH value was 6. The mycelial lethal temperature was 50℃ in 10 minutes or 52℃ in 5 minutes for the isolate from pomegranate and 48℃ in 10 minutes or 50℃ in 5 minutes for that from sweet potato. Complete yeast extract medium could stimulate their sporulation. The mycelial growth rate was sharply decreased with the increasing glucose concentration in PDA medium.

关 键 词：甘薯长喙壳菌 生长速率 生长温度 最适PH值 产孢量 

分 类 号：S432.4[农业科学—植物病理学]