语音识别技术对新生儿疼痛与非疼痛啼哭的分类研究  

Classification of cries with or without pain in newborns by speech recognition technology

作　　者：汤亚南[1] 童笑梅[1] 王之禹[2] 刘惠丽[1] 郑粤吟[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学第三医院儿科,北京100083 [2]中国科学院声学研究所,北京100080

出　　处：《临床儿科杂志》2009年第3期236-238,242,共4页Journal of Clinical Pediatrics

摘　　要：目的运用语音识别技术对新生儿疼痛与非疼痛的啼哭声进行分类,通过分析啼哭声以求对新生儿疼痛提供一种客观的评价方法。方法采集疼痛与非疼痛状态下的新生儿啼哭声,分析其基本声学特征,计算啼哭声信号的基频(F0)和第一(F1)、第二(F2)、第三(F3)共振峰,确定相关参数是否可以用于区分疼痛与非疼痛状态下的新生儿啼哭声。进一步提取美尔倒谱系数(MFCC),运用动态时间规整算法(DTW)对啼哭声进行分类。结果疼痛和非疼痛啼哭声的声学指标中基频F0值差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而共振峰F1、F2和F3对于区分疼痛和非疼痛啼哭声差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。6、12、24阶的MFCC对疼痛和非疼痛啼哭声的识别率分别为59.32%、72.88%、62.71%。结论语音识别可以作为新生儿疼痛鉴别和评价研究的可行技术。基频F0可用于区分两种类型的啼哭声,是影响对婴儿啼哭听觉感知的主要声学特征。在三种阶次的MFCC系数比较中,12阶的MFCC系数识别效果较好。Objective： To classify cries with or without pain in newborns by speech recognition technology for providing an objective method in the assessment of neonatal pain by analyzing their cries. Methods Neonatal cries in the either painful or painless status were collected for the analysis of their acoustic characteristics. Basic frequency （F0） and formants （F1, F2, F3） were calculated to determine whether the parameters could be used to distinguish painful or unpainful cries. Mel Frequency Cepstrum Coefficient （MFCC） was further acquired and the cries were classified by Dynamic Time Warping （DTW）. Results The difference in F0 was significant between cries with or without pain in newboms （P 〈 0.05）, whereas no significant difference in the formant F1 to F3 was found between two different cries （P 〉 0.05）. The discrimination rates of three scales （6-scale, 12-scale and 24-scale） of MFCC for two different cries were 59.32%, 72.88% and 62.71%, respectively. Conclusions Basic frequency F0 which can he used to differentiate two different cries with or without pain is a main acoustic characteristics of hearing perception. Twelve-scale of MFCC is a better parameter for distinguishing painful or painless cries in three seals of MFCC. Speech recognition technology is a feasible method in the differentiation and the assessment of the neonatal pain.

关 键 词：新生儿 疼痛 语音识别 啼哭 

分 类 号：R722.1[医药卫生—儿科]