国外设施农业的现状及发展趋势  

Status quo and development trend of facility agriculture in foreign countries

作　　者：高峰[1,2] 俞立[1] 卢尚琼[3] 徐青香[2] 于莉洁[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学信息工程学院,浙江杭州310032 [2]浙江林学院现代教育技术中心,浙江临安311300 [3]浙江林学院图书馆,浙江临安31300

出　　处：《浙江林学院学报》2009年第2期279-285,共7页Journal of Zhejiang Forestry College

基　　金：浙江省科技支撑和引导计划面上项目(2008C22G2100030)

摘　　要：设施农业是在人为可控环境下进行的高效农业生产方式,具有抵御风险能力强,物质和能量投入大,知识与技术高度密集,地区差异性显著以及经济、社会和生态三重性等特点。国外设施农业起源于公元前4世纪。20世纪70年代以来,设施农业发展迅速,目前已经发展到较高水平,表现在:设施园艺、集约化生产已具有相当规模,形成了成套的技术、完整的设施设备和生产规范。国外设施农业的发展趋势是:设施标准化、大型化,作业机械化,设施环境监控系统自动化、智能化、网络化,农业生产工厂化,等。剖析了设施农业的内涵与特征,回顾了国外设施农业的发展历程,分析了国外设施农业的发展现状,指出了全球设施农业发展的新趋势。Facility agriculture is a highly effective agricultural production under the artificial controllable environment. It is characterized by strong risk resistance, large input of material and energy, highly concentrated knowledge and technology, distinct region discrepancy and multiple effects in economy, society and ecology. The facility agriculture can be dated back to the 4th Century BC and has been developing rapidly since the 1970s. It has developed to such a high degree that facility horticulture and intensive production are of considerable large scale and complete technology, equipment and specification. The development trend of foreign facility agriculture is as follows： standardization and large-scaling of agricultural facilities, mechanization of agricultural production, automatization, intellectualization and networking of computer monitoring system for environment of agricultural facilities, industrialized agricultural production, etc. In this paper, the connotation and characteristics of facility agriculture were analyzed, the history of foreign facility agriculture was briefly reviewed, and the status quo of foreign facility agriculture was concluded. In the end, the development trend of the world facility agriculture was also pointed out. [ Ch, 40 ref. 1

关 键 词：农业工程 设施农业 现状 发展趋势 温室 智能控制 

分 类 号：TP2[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] S-1[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]