错误再认的双加工机制——兼作信号检测论的分析  

An Empirical Research on the Dual-processing Mechanism of False Recognition

作　　者：周楚[1] 聂晶[2] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学心理学系,上海200433 [2]上海大学悉尼工商学院,上海201800

出　　处：《心理科学》2009年第2期334-337,共4页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(批准号30700231);上海市哲学社会科学规划项目(批准号2007EJY001);复旦大学文科科研推进计划"金苗"项目(批准号06JM024)

摘　　要：采用DRM范式,通过对预警、呈现时间以及再认时间压力的同时操纵,深入探索错误记忆的产生机制。实验结果发现:(1)编码阶段的预警提示可使再认判断的标准趋于严格,从而降低错误记忆效应;(2)提取阶段的再认时间压力可显著降低被试对关键诱饵与学过项目的区分能力,进而提高错误记忆效应;(3)预警提示在无时间压力时要比有时间压力时更有效降低错误再认。该结果证实在记忆信息的提取阶段存在双加工过程,激活与监测的双加工在错误记忆产生过程中存在对抗式的交互作用。当监测过程在编码和提取两个阶段均受到易化时,策略性的控制过程最有效;当监测过程受阻时,将导致激活的效应更明显。Adopting the Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm, we investigated the mechanism of false recognition in a 2 （forewarning） × 2 （presentation time） × 2（time pressure during recognition） × 3 （types of items） factorial design. ANOVA showed a significant main effect of forewarning, and interaction between item type and time pressure. With the signal detection theory （SDT）, further analysis showed that the participants had poorer discrimination under time pressure, which indicated that they did not have enough time to make judgments. The SDT analysis also showed that participants used more strict response criteria when giving them forewarning. In-depth discussion was made in terms of the activation/monitoring theory.

关 键 词：DRM范式 激活/N测模型 双加工 

分 类 号：B842.3[哲学宗教—基础心理学]