0～6岁智力低下儿童发病症状分析  

Onset Symptoms Analysis of 0 to 6-Year-Old Children with Mental Retardation

作　　者：王珺[1] 王立文[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院神经内科,北京100020

出　　处：《实用儿科临床杂志》2009年第5期378-379,385,共3页Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics

基　　金：首都医学发展科研基金项目资助(20073085)

摘　　要：目的探讨0～6岁智力低下(MR)患儿发病症状与发病年龄的关系。方法对2003年1月-2006年12月在首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院神经内科就诊,依据盖塞尔发育商量表中文修订版、学前和学龄初期中国韦氏儿童智力量表和社会适应性能力评价量表确诊的0～6岁1101例MR患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析,包括体征、伴随症状、智力低下的分级及发现智力低下的年龄。对不同年龄段MR发病症状进行比较,采用SPSS12.0软件对数据进行统计学分析。结果1.MR患儿1101例中男女比例为1.981.0;年龄1个月～6岁,婴幼儿共占76.4%。2.中重度MR占50%以上。3.不同年龄主要发病症状差异显著:1～6个月患儿以畸形(29.54%)和惊厥(28.64%)为主;>6个月～1岁患儿以运动发育迟缓(64.63%)为主;>1～3岁患儿以运动发育迟缓(45.96%)和语言发育迟缓(24.69%)为主;>3～6岁的患儿以语言发育迟缓(43.46%)为主。结论家长对中重度MR患儿的症状有较强的认知能力,而对早期交流障碍MR患儿的辨认能力较差。应加强宣传教育,若发现婴儿有早期眼神交流障碍应及时就诊。ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between onset symptoms and onset age of 0 to 6-year-old children with mental retardation（MR）.MethodsFrom Jan.2003 to Dec.2006,the clinical data of 1 101 children in Capital Institute of Pediatrics were retrospectively analyzed.Those children were 0-6 years old and were clinically diagnosed as MR according to Gessell Development Scale,Chinese Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale Intelligence and Social Adaptive Behavior Scale.Those data included physical signs,concomitant symptoms,classifications,and ages when MR symptoms were detected.The difference of the onset symptoms in different age groups was compared.SPSS 12.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results1.The ratio of male and female was 1.98 to 1.0.The youngest child was 1 month and the oldest one was 6 years old.The mean age was（3.05±1.65） years.Infants and toddlers accounted for 76.4% of the total cases.2.More than half of the MR children who were 0 to 6-year-old were either moderate or severe,more than one half.3.The onset symptoms of MR children with different age：dysmorphism（29.54%） and convulsion（28.64%） were the onset symptoms of children less than 6 months old;motor development delay（64.63%） was the onset symptom of MR children aging 6 months to 1 year old;motor development delay（45.96%） and language development delay（24.69%） were the onset symptoms of MR children aging 1 to 3 years old;and language development delay（43.46%） was onset symptom of MR children aging 3 to 6 years old,respectively.ConclusionsThe parents can easily find out moderate or severe MR children,but not easily find out early the communication disorder of MR children.Publicity and education about MR should be enhanced.When infants are found to have disability in expression by their eyes,they should see a doctor immediately.

关 键 词：智力低下 发病症状 儿童 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]