13种植物提取物对5种果蔬病原真菌的抑菌活性  

Antifungal Activity of Extracts from 13 Species of Plants Against Five Pathogenic Fungi of Fruits and Vegetables

作　　者：张万里[1] 乔润香[1] 尹飞[1] 向准[1] 胡美英[1] 

机构地区：[1]天然农药与化学生物学教育部重点实验室华南农业大学昆虫毒理研究室,广东广州510642

出　　处：《华南农业大学学报》2009年第2期40-43,共4页Journal of South China Agricultural University

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2008B050100045)

摘　　要：采用生长速率法测定了岗松Baeckea frutescens等13种植物乙醇提取物对芒果炭疽病菌Colletotrichum gloeos-porioides、香蕉炭疽病菌C.musae、香蕉枯萎病菌Fusarium oxysporum、草莓灰霉病菌Botrytis cinerea和黄瓜炭疽病菌C.orbiculare的抑菌活性.结果表明,在10 mg.mL-1质量浓度下处理96 h,马尾松Pinus massoniana乙醇提取物(浸膏)对香蕉炭疽病菌和香蕉枯萎病菌抑菌率均达到100%;岗松乙醇提取物对5种病原菌抑菌率分别为96.53%、90.20%、90.55%、89.63%和62.59%;四季米仔兰Aglaia duperreana和阴香Cinnamomum burmani的乙醇提取物对黄瓜炭疽病菌抑菌率也在80%以上.岗松精油对以上5种病原菌的EC50分别为:0.104 7、0.137 3、0.122 6、0.046 9和0.126 2 mg.mL-1,抑菌效果显著,且具有广谱的抑菌活性.Antifungal activity of the ethanol extracts of Baeckea frutescens and other 12 species of plants against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, C. muscle, Fusarium oxysporum, Botrytis cinerea, C. orbiculare were studied in the laboratory by mycelial growth rate method. The results indicated that the ethanol extracts of Pinus massoniana showed inhibition rates of 100% against C. musae and F. oxysporum in 96 h after treatment with a immersed cream mass concentration of 10 mg·mL^-1, while those from B. frutescens revealed inhibition rates of 96.53% , 90. 20% , 90. 55% , 89.63% and 62. 59% on the five species of pathogenic fungi with the same mass concentrations, respectively. The ethanol extracts of Aglaia duperreana and Cinnamomum burmani showed inhibition rates were more than 80% against C. orbiculare. Antifungal activity of essential oil of B. frutescens was tested and the result indicated its notable effect. Their EC50 values of B. frutescens oil against mycelial growth of five pathogenic fungi were 0.104 7, 0.137 3, 0.122 6, 0.046 9 and 0.126 2 mg·mL^-1, respectively.

关 键 词：马尾松 岗松 抑菌活性 

分 类 号：S436.5[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]