不同品种尿素施入土壤后pH值的变化和氨气释放差异  

CHANGE OF pH AND VOLATILIZATION OF AMMONIA BY FERTILIZING DIFFERENT TYPES OF UREA IN SOIL

作　　者：蒋朝晖[1,2] 曾清如[1] 皮荷杰[1] 毛小云[3] 廖宗文[3] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学资源环境学院,长沙410128 [2]长沙理工大学化学与生物工程学院,长沙410004 [3]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广州510642

出　　处：《环境化学》2009年第2期177-180,共4页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30770389)资助项目

摘　　要：通过室内模拟研究了4种尿素(普通尿素、保水型控释尿素、德国缓释尿素、矿物改性包膜尿素)施入土壤后pH值的变化和氨气释放的差异.结果表明,施入德国缓释尿素pH值下降速度最慢,但氨气挥发量最多,五周内在冲积菜园土中为25.65%,红菜园土中为16.68%.施入矿物改性包膜尿素pH值下降最快,但氨气挥发量最少,五周内在冲积菜园土中为8.07%,红菜园土为5.19%.这是由于德国缓释尿素中含有双氰胺(DCD),抑制硝化反应,因此,pH值下降缓慢,氨气挥发量大.矿物改性包膜尿素外层为磷矿粉,能缓解尿素的溶解,降低氮的释放,减少氨气挥发.This paper studied about change of pH and volatilization of ammonia by fertilizing four different types of urea （ general urea, keep water controlled-release urea, Germany slow-release urea, mineral coated urea） . The results showed that the fallen rate of pH by Germany slow-release urea was the slowest while the amount of ammonia volatilization was the biggest, in the five weeks the amount was 25.65 % in alluvial vegetable garden soil, 16.68% in red vegetable garden soil. The fallen rate of pH by fertilizing mineral coated urea was the fastest while the amount of ammonia volatilization was the smallest, in the five weeks, the amount was 8. 07% in alluvial vegetable garden soil, 5.19% in red vegetable garden soil. Because there was inhibitor（DCD） in Germany slow-release urea, which controlled nitroreaction and the fallen velocity of pH was slow, the amount of ammonia volatilization was great. The mineral coated urea was coated ground phosphate rock and reduced nitrogen release, decreased ammonia volatilization.

关 键 词：尿素 氨 土壤 

分 类 号：X131.3[环境科学与工程—环境科学]