用微卫星多态性和RAPD分析广东地方鸡种的群体遗传变异  

Population Genetic Variability of Microsatellite Polymorphisms andRAPDs in Chinese Chicken Breeds in Guangdong

作　　者：张细权[1] 吕雪梅[1] 杨玉华 刘敬顺[1] 杨关福[1] 吴显华[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学动物科学系

出　　处：《Acta Genetica Sinica》1998年第2期112-119,共8页

摘　　要：用５个座位的微卫星标记和７０个１０碱基引物得出的ＲＡＰＤ，研究分析了惠阳胡须鸡、杏花鸡和清远麻鸡３个广东地方鸡种和培育品种粤黄鸡的群体遗传变异及相互间的关系，并讨论了微卫星多态性和ＲＡＰＤ这两种标记在应用于群体遗传变异及亲缘关系等方面分析的意义。微卫星多态性分析结果说明，样本采自保种群的惠阳胡须鸡和杏花鸡以及经长期封闭选育的粤黄鸡的杂合度均较低，而在起源地采样的清远麻鸡杂合度较高，但总的说来这几个鸡种的杂合度仍然是较低的。ＲＡＰＤ分析结果说明，４个鸡种群体间变异较小，但在惠阳胡须鸡发现具有品种特异性的ＲＡＰＤ图带。微卫星多态性和ＲＡＰＤ分析都说明４个鸡种的亲缘关系较近。由于微卫星标记多态性程度高且等显性遗传，因而通过它计算杂合度可以较好地反映群体内的变异；ＲＡＰＤ则在反映群体间的区别甚至某一群体的特征时可提供明确而直接的信息。? Population variability and relationships among 3 native chicken breeds of Huiyang,Xinghua and Qingyuan Partridge in Guangdong, China, and a synthetic strain of breed Yuehuang were studied using polymorphism of 5 microsatellites and RAPDs with a total of 70 10base primers. The significance of microsatellite polymorphisms and RAPDs for the studies on population genetic variability and relationships was discussed in the paper. The results based on microsatellite polymorphisms showed that the average heterozygosity in Huiyang Bearded and Xinghua chickens which were sampled from conserved populations, and Yuehuang which has been inbreeding for more than 10 years was low, but in Qingyuan Partridge chicken which was sampled from Qingyuan city, Guangdong, was high. However, all the average heterozygosity in the above four breeds was relatively low. The results based on RAPs indicated that the variabilit among four breeds was small and that there was a specific RAPD band in Huiyang Bearded chicken.The relationships among the four fowl breeds based on both microsatellite polymorphisms and RAPDs were close.It is suggested that it is better to indicated the variability with in breeds by average heterozygosity based on microsatellite polymorphisms,which showed high polymorphisms and codominant inhertiance of the markers,where as differences between pululations and even specific characteristics with in a polulation are reffected clearly and directly by RAPD.

关 键 词：微卫星多态性 RAPD 地方鸡种 群体遗传变异 

分 类 号：Q347[生物学—遗传学] S831.2[农业科学—畜牧学]