不同盐度对小鲟鳇生长、渗透调节及能量收支的影响  

Effects of Different Salinities on the Growth,Osmoregulation and Energy Budget of the Bester(Huso huso×Acipenser ruthenus)

作　　者：王国栋[1] 田相利[1] 董双林[1] 宫庆礼[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2007年第S1期189-194,166,共7页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金(2005BS07004)资助

摘　　要：研究4个(0,8,16和25)环境盐度对小鲟鳇(Huso huso×Acipenser ruthenus)的生长、渗透压调节和能量收支的影响。60 d的生长实验结果表明,小鲟鳇特定生长率变动在30.2%～47.36%之间,随盐度的升高而降低;摄食量及饵料转化率变化趋势与此相似,饵料转化率变动在6.07%～18.19%之间。随盐度的升高鱼体蛋白质含量升高,脂肪含量和能值降低。各处理组的血浆渗透压随时间的变化不明显,鳃丝Na^+/K^+-ATP酶活性随时间有升高趋势,二者均随盐度的升高而升高。从能量收支结果看,生长能和呼吸能的变化主导着小鲟鳇的能量收支模式,随盐度的升高,生长能占摄食能的比例逐渐降低.而呼吸能的比例则逐渐升高。本研究表明,小鲟鳇适于淡水或低盐度.而不适宜在较高的盐度条件下养殖。The effects of salinity on the growth,biochemical composition,food consumption,conversion effi- ciency,apparent digestion rate,plasma osmolality,gill Na^+/K^+-ATPase and energy budget of the Bester(Hu- so huso)(♀)×(Acipenser ruthenus)(♂)were studied at 0,8,16 and 25 ppt.The results showed that the spe- cific growth rate of the bester decreased with the increase of salinity.Similar trends were observed in food con- sumption and conversion efficiency.The food conversion efficiency was 6.07～18.19 %.With the increase of salinity,the protein content in the fish body was increased,while the lipid and energy contents were decreased. The plasma osmolality and activity of the gill Na^+/K^+-ATPase were increased with the increase of salinity. The energy budget of the bester showed that the energy assimilated from food decreased with increasing salini- ty,while that spent in metabolism increased with increasing salinity.The results indicated that the bester was suitable for culture in freshwater or low salinity water,and it may be difficult to be stocked in natural seawater with salinity higher than 25 ppt.

关 键 词：小鲟鳇 盐度 生长 血浆渗透压 鳃丝Na^+/K^+-ATP酶 生化组成 能量收支 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]