A survey of the dietary nutritional composition of centenarians  

百岁老人的膳食种类及主要营养成份调查分析(英文)

作　　者：陈传欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省临沂市人民医院老年病科 临沂276003

出　　处：《Chinese Medical Journal》2001年第10期87-89,110-111,共5页中华医学杂志（英文版）

摘　　要：Objective To make a survey of the nutritional composition of the diets of centenarians.Methods Thirty-four centenarians were selected as subjects. Retrospective surveys were made on the variety and amounts of food consumed and their nutritional composition. Physical examinations with laboratory tests such as cardiograms, ultrasonic B rays, and blood, urine and hair tests were performed.Neutron activation testing was done on hair content. The transmission turbidimetric method was used to measure apolipoprotein content.Results The main food of the centenarians showed the characteristics of low calories, protein and fat but high fiber and mineral content. Laboratory results showed that the content of the elements of Cu, Se and Mn in hair was higher ( P ＜ 0.01 ). Zn was normal. The apoA1/apoB100 ratio was higher than in the control group ( P ＜ 0.01), and total cholesterol (TC) was lower than in the control group ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions The variety of diet and its nutritional composition may be the main factors influencing not only the content of elements in body, but also the levels of apoA1 and apoB100, which may be helpful in preventing arteriosclerosis and forming and maintaining immunity. The diet of these centenarians might aid in preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and malignant tumors.目的　探讨百岁老人的膳食种类及主要营养成分。方法　以沂蒙山区 34名百岁老人为对象 ,回顾性调查其膳食种类及主要营养成分 ,并进行系统查体及心电图、B超、血液、尿、头发的实验室检测。其中头发元素含量用中子活化法测定 ,载脂蛋白含量用透射比浊法测定。结果　本组百岁老人的膳食特点是低脂肪、低蛋白、低热量、高维生素。实验室检查表现为头发微量元素铜(Cu)、硒 (Se)、锰 (Mn)含量较高 (P <0 .0 1) ,锌 (Zn)正常 ;apoA1/apoB10 0 比值较对照组高 (P <0 .0 1) ;TC较对照组低(P <0 .0 1)。结论　膳食种类及营养成份是影响体内元素含量的主要因素 ,也可能影响apoA1、apoB10 0 水平。这些物质因素既有助于抗动脉硬化从而预防心脑血管病的发生 ,又有助于正常免疫功能的形成及维持 ,使这些百岁老人避免严重危害健康与寿命的心脑血管病及恶性肿瘤 ,而得以健康长寿。

关 键 词：centenarian   ·   diet   ·  nutrients 

分 类 号：R153.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]