低温高空缺氧对大鼠肝心肾功能的影响  

Effects of exposure to hypothermic altitude anoxia on hepatic, cardiac and renal functions in rats

作　　者：梅丹[1] 徐斌[1] 孙奎[1] 王丽华[1] 张巍[1] 

机构地区：[1]空军医学高等专科学校,吉林市132013

出　　处：《空军医高专学报》1999年第1期5-8,共4页

基　　金：空军"95"医药卫生科研重点课题

摘　　要：为探讨低温对飞行人员和高原作战人员的影响,采用48只健康成年Wistar大鼠分别在10℃和20℃条件下,模拟升空至3km或5km,观察肝、心、肾功能改变.结果发现:(1)相同低温条件下.在5km高度血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、谷草转氨酶(AST)和磷酸肌酸激酶(CK)活性,血清肌酐(Cr)和尿素氮(BUN)含量均显著低于地面对照组和3km组(P<0.01或P<0.05),20℃上升至3km时血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性显著低于地面对照组(P<0.01);(2)相同高度缺氧条件下,环境温度为10℃时血清LDH、ALT活性和血清Cr和BUN含量显著高于20℃(P<0.01) ,而血清CK活性非常显著低于20℃时(P<O.01).表明在冷环境中,轻中度高空缺氧对动物肝、心和肾脏的功能无明显损害;而在相同缺氧环境中,温度越低肝脏和肾脏功能的改变越明显,但心功能改变越小;缺氧和低温复合环境,对心肌影响并不是单一因素的简单迭加.To probe into the effects of exposure to hypothermic altitude anoxia on pilots and combat troops stationed on plateau,48 healthy Wistar rats ascended in chamber to the altitude of 3 km and 5 km at 10℃ and 20℃ respectively and the changes in the hepatic, cardiac and renal functions were detected. The results showed (1) at the same temperature, the activity of serum LDH, AST and CK and the contents of serum Cr and BUN of the group at the altitude of 5 km were apparently lower than those of the control group on ground and the 3 km group (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05); at 20℃, the activity of serum ALT was apparently lower at 3 km altitude than on ground(P < 0.01); (2) at the same altitude, the activity of serum LDH, ALT and the contents of serum Cr and BUN were apparently higher at 10℃ than at 20℃ ( P < 0.01) but the activity of serum CK was apparently lower( P < 0.01) . It is indicated that exposure to cold and mild or medium anoxia will not do prominent harm to hepatic, cardiac or renal functions but under the same condition of anoxia, the lower the temperature, the more prominent the changes in the hepatic and renal functions but the less the change in the cadiac function. It is suggested that a hypothermia-anoxia compound environment which affects the cardiac muscles is not simply hypothermia plus anoxia.

关 键 词：低温 高空缺氧 肝功能 心功能 肾功能 

分 类 号：R363[医药卫生—病理学]