水稻亚种间杂种优势分析及广亲和基因研究  

Analysis of Intersubspeciflc Heterosis of Rice and Studies on Genes of Wide Compatibility

作　　者：潘熙淦[1] 朱德瑶[1] 卢诚[1] 陈大洲[1] 肖叶青[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院水稻研究所

出　　处：《江西农业学报》1989年第2期18-24,共7页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

摘　　要：利用广亲和品种与光敏核不育系或籼稻品种进行杂交,配组亚种间杂交稻,在同一条件下栽培,进行杂种优势分析,表明亚种间杂交稻具有穗大粒多以及株高、生育期、有效穗的明显优势,一般可比三系杂交稻增产三成以上.与此同时,对“02428”配组后代的育性分离,稃尖色素及株高等进行了遗传分析.研究表明其广亲和性是由简单主基因控制,并与色素原基因C^+连锁,位于第1连锁群上.“02428”育性分离的遗传基础,是由2对独立遗传的孢子体育性基因控制.“02428”的半矮生性基因dd与籼稻的半矮生性基因SdSd是非等位的.研究表明:亚种间杂交稻具有明显杂种优势,在籼、粳稻中确实存在亚种间杂交亲和性好的品种,而且这种广亲和性可以杂交转育,通过广泛杂交,完全可以筛选出结实正常,籽粒充实度好,生育期不超亲,株高适中,产量优势明显的杂交稻组合.Varieties of wide compatibility were adopted to cross intersubspecifically with PSGM lines and indica rice varieties. Heterosis analysis showed that the intcrsubspecific hybrid rice possessed significant heterosis in plant height, growth duration, effective panicles and bigger panicles with more grains. The average yield was generally 20% higher than that of 3-line hybrids. The progeny of 02428 was subject to genetic analysis on segregation of fertility, plant height and apiculus pigment. It can be deduced that wide compatibility in 02428 is controlled by a simple major gene, which is linked to chromogen gene C +and located in No. 1 linkage group .Fertility segregation is genetically governed by 2 pairs of porophytic fertility genes of independent inheritance. The semidwarf genes dd of 02428 and SdSd of indica are not allelic.

关 键 词：亚种间杂交稻 杂种优势 广亲和性基因 

分 类 号：S[农业科学]