高强度训练对游泳运动员血乳酸及相关指标的影响  

The Effect of High Intense Training on Swimmers' Level of Serum Lactic Acid and Related Indexes

作　　者：赵歌[1] 章前[2] 许琦[3] 李俊平[4] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学体育部,北京100044 [2]江苏淮阴师范学院体育系,江苏淮阴223001 [3]国家体育总局游泳运动管理中心游泳部,北京100763 [4]北京体育大学,北京100071

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2009年第2期80-82,共3页Journal of Beijing Sport University

基　　金：北京交通大学人才引进基金(项目编号:2007RC070)

摘　　要：目的:探讨有氧与无氧训练对游泳运动员血乳酸等相关指标的影响及其相关因素。方法:北京市游泳队运动员,根据个人运动专长,安排相应专项训练;12名进行有氧训练,14名进行无氧训练,分别在训练前及运动后即刻抽取肘静脉血,检测血乳酸等生化指标及血常规指标。通过实验研究认为:1)有氧训练后血清ALB和钠离子显著升高、二氧化碳结合力明显下降;血乳酸变化与ALB、LYM(%)、LYM(×109/L)呈高度正相关,与二氧化碳结合力、NEUT和钠离子呈高度负相关;2)无氧训练后血清ALB、LYM(×109/L)和钠离子显著上升,二氧化碳结合力明显下降;血乳酸变化与ALB、LYM(%)、LYM(×109/L)和钠离子呈高度正相关,与二氧化碳结合力、NEUT呈高度负相关;3)无氧训练后血钾浓度下降,与运动疲劳有关,应及时补充钾离子及含HCO3-成分的饮料。Objective： To study the effect of aerobic and anaerobic training on the level of serum lactic acid and related indexes of swimmers. Methods： 26 swimmers selected frm Beijing Swimming Team are divided into two groups （ 12 for aerobic training and 14 for anaerobic training） according to their advantage. The vein blood samples are collected before and soon after training. Biochemistry tests including the level of serum lactic acid and peripheral blood cells counting and classification are taken. Results： 1）the level of serum lactic acid, albumin and soditan are increased after both aerobic and anaerobic training （p〈0.01）, while the carbon dioxide combining power （CO2CP） significantly decreases （p〈0.01）. 2）The CO2CP and lymphocyte are significantly correlated with the level of serum lactic acid （p〈0.01） in both groups and the level of serum albumin, percentage of lymphocyte and percentage of neutron Phil are also correlated with the level of serum lactic acid （p〈0.05）. 3）the level of serum kalium increases in the aerobic training group, which is statistically correlated with the serum of lactic acid （p〈0.05）. The level of serum sodium increases in the anaerobic training group, which is related with the level of serum lactic （p〈0.01）. But the level of serum kalium decreases in the anaerobic training group. Conclusions： 1） the effects of aerobic and anaerobic training on the level of serum lactic acid are different.2） serum level of lactic acid is a monitoring mark of training way and intensity. Besides, same other biochemical and blood routine tests should be concemed. 3）The serum level of kalium decreases in the anaerobic training group, which related with sport fatigue. Therefore, the beaver ages containing kalium and bicarbonate ion should be supplied to swimmers after anaerobic training.

关 键 词：高强度训练 有氧训练 无氧训练 血乳酸 钾离子 运动疲劳 

分 类 号：G861.1[文化科学—体育训练]