中国地区黑碳气溶胶直接辐射效应的数值模拟研究  

SIMULATION OF THE DIRECT RADIOACTIVE EFFECTS OF BLACK CARBON AEROSOL IN CHINA

作　　者：李建云[1] 张杰[1] 田密[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都军区空军气象中心,四川成都610041

出　　处：《气象与减灾研究》2009年第1期17-24,I0003,I0004,共10页Meteorology and Disaster Reduction Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:40675040)

摘　　要：利用意大利国际理论物理研究中心(ICTP)提供的2000年各月气溶胶资料(包括人类活动和生物质燃烧所产生的气溶胶),使用并行版本区域气候模式RegCM3,研究了黑碳气溶胶对中国区域气候的影响。结果表明,引入黑碳气溶胶后,冬、夏季中国大部分地区大气顶出现了正辐射强迫,其分布与垂直负荷分布基本相似。在仅考虑黑碳气溶胶的直接辐射效应时,中国大部分地区冬、夏季地面气温呈下降趋势,降温的高值区均位于中国东南部,冬季最大降温幅度约为0.9℃,夏季最大降幅约为2.4℃,夏季降温幅度明显大于冬季。相对于温度变化,黑碳气溶胶引起的降水变化较为复杂,无论是冬季还是夏季,降水量减小的区域均大于增加区。冬季降水量最大减幅约为20 mm,夏季降水量最大减幅超过100 mm,夏季降水量减幅明显大于冬季。冬、夏季仅西北和华南部分地区降水量有所增加。冬季中国大部分地区痕量降水和弱降水日数呈增加趋势;夏季黄河以北中国北方地区痕量降水和弱降水日数也是以增加为主。By using the monthly aerosol data in 2000 provided by Italy International Theoretical Physics Research Center （ICTP）, including aerosols produced by human activity and biological substance combustion, the parallel version of RegCM3 model was applied to study the influence of aerosol on the climate of China region. The result indicated that positive radioactive forcing appeared in most regions of the winter and summer China duo to the introduction of black carbon, which showed a similar distribution to the vertical load. If the direct radioactive effect of black carbon aerosol was only considered, the surface temperature showed descending trend in most regions of the winter and summer China and the high value area of temperature decreasing was located at southeast China. In winter, the biggest temperature decreasing was 0.9 ℃ approximately, while in summer the biggest temperature decreasing was 2.4 ℃, much larger than that in winter. Compared with temperature change, the precipitation change caused by the black carbon aerosol was more complex. Both in winter and in summer, the area of precipitation decreasing was bigger than that of precipitation increasing. The biggest precipitation decreasing was approximately 20 mm in winter and over 100 mm in summer, the precipitation decreasing in summer was remarkably bigger than that in winter. Only in partial area of Northwest and South China, the precipitation increased in both summer and winter. In winter, the days of trace amount precipitation and weak precipitation in most regions of China showed an increasing trend, and in North China in summer, the days of trace amount precipitation and weak precipitation increased primarily.

关 键 词：黑碳气溶胶 直接辐射 辐射强迫 区域气候. 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]