盐酸和磺基水杨酸共掺杂聚苯胺／凹凸棒黏土纳米复合材料的制备与表征  

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYANILINE/ATTAPULGITE NANOCOMPOSITES CO-DOPED BY HYDROCHLORIC ACID AND SULFOSALICYLIC ACID

作　　者：姚超[1] 曾永斌[1] 陈志刚[1] 李为民[1] 李效棠[2] 徐启利 

机构地区：[1]江苏工业学院化工系,江苏常州213164 [2]江苏省凹土工程技术研究中心,江苏盱眙211700 [3]常州华珠颜料有限公司,江苏常州213016

出　　处：《硅酸盐学报》2009年第4期485-491,共7页Journal of The Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：国家“863”计划(2007AA06Z118);江苏省支撑计划(BE2008032,BE2008033);江苏省教育厅项目(08KJD430011);常州市科技攻关(CE2007075,CE2008077)资助项目。

摘　　要：用快速原位聚合工艺制备了盐酸(HCl)和磺基水杨酸(sulfosalicylic acid,SSA)共掺杂聚苯胺(polyaniline,PANI)/凹凸棒黏土(attapulgite,ATP)纳米复合材料(HCl-SSA-PANI/ATP),用热重-差热分析、X射线衍射、Fourier红外光谱、紫外-可见光谱、透射电镜、循环伏安法和Raman光谱等对所得的复合材料进行了表征。结果表明:HCl和SSA所组成的混合酸溶液能快速促进苯胺聚合和PANI掺杂反应。反应15min,所制得的纳米复合材料的体积电阻率可达2Ω·cm。HCl-SSA-PANI以晶态形式包覆在ATP表面,形成核壳棒状纳米结构,包覆层厚度在3nm左右。纳米复合材料中HCl-SSA-PANI的包覆率约为27.79%,与纯HCl-SSA-PANI相比,其耐热性得到了提高,且具有较高的电化学活性。纳米复合材料中由对位聚合生成的HCl-SSA-PANI为翠绿亚胺结构,其与ATP之间存在物理作用。Polyaniline （PANI）/attapulgite （ATP） nanocomposites co-doped with hydrochloric acid （HCl） and 5-sulfosalicylic acid （SSA） were prepared by in situ fast polymerization method. The as-prepared nanocomposites （HCl-SSA-PANI/ATP） were also characterized by thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, cyclic voltammograms and Raman spectroscopy. The results show that the polymerization of aniline and doping reaction of polyaniline are completed quickly in hybrid acids consisting of HC1 and SSA, and the volume resistivity of the nanocomposites can reach 2 Ω-cm when the reaction time is 15 min. The surface of ATP is encapsulated by crystalline HCl-SSA-PANI to form a ＂core-shell＂ fibrous nanostructure, and the thickness of the coating is about 3 nm. The coverage ratio of HCl-SSA-PANI on the ATP surface is about 27.79%, and the heat resistance of the nanocomposites is higher than pure HCl-SSA-PANI. Nanocomposites produced by para-polymerization have the structure of emeraldine, and the nanocomposites have high electrochemical activity.

关 键 词：聚苯胺 凹凸棒黏土 原位聚合 共掺杂 纳米复合材料 

分 类 号：TQ171.112[化学工程—玻璃工业] TB332[化学工程—硅酸盐工业]