滇苦菜(Picris divaricata Vant.)对锌的吸收和富集特性  

Zinc uptake and accumulation in Picris divaricata Vant.

作　　者：汤叶涛[1,2] 吴妤都[1] 仇荣亮[1,2] 曾晓雯[1] 胡鹏杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学环境科学与工程学院,广州510275 [2]广东省环境污染控制与修复技术重点实验室,广州510275

出　　处：《生态学报》2009年第4期1823-1831,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40571144);广东省自然科学基金重点资助项目(05101824);广东省自然科学基金团队资助项目(06202438);国家教育部“新世纪优秀人才支持计划”资助项目(NCET-04-0790);广东省环境污染控制与修复技术重点实验室开放基金资助项目(2006K0012)

摘　　要：通过野外调查和营养液培养,研究Zn对滇苦菜(Picris divaricata Vant.)生长的影响及其吸收富集Zn的特性。野外调查发现,铅锌矿区土壤Zn全量范围为1724～134973mg·kg-1,平均为61495mg·kg-1。滇苦菜地上部Zn含量范围为1214～18339mg·kg-1,平均为5911mg·kg-1,且转运系数(S/R)的平均值为2.21,大于1。在营养液培养条件下,当Zn浓度达到80mg·mL-1时,滇苦菜生长开始出现明显的中毒症状,随着Zn处理的增加,植物地上部与根部的生物量呈下降趋势,Zn含量呈上升趋势,且地上部与根部在160mg·mL-1时Zn含量达最高值,分别为12472mg·kg-1和14026mg·kg-1,体内Zn富集量也达最高值1518μg.株-1,并且整个植株富集的Zn有75%～91%分布在地上部。结果表明滇苦菜具有很强的忍耐、吸收和富集Zn的能力,是我国境内发现的又一种Zn超富集植物。A field survey and hydroponic culture were carried out to study the effect of zinc（Zn）on the growth and Zn accumulation of Picris divaricata Vant.Under natural conditions,total Zn concentration in soil from a Pb/Zn mine area ranged from 1724 to 134973 mg·kg-1,with a mean of 61495 mg·kg-1.Zn concentration in shoots of P.divaricata ranged from 1214 to 18339 mg·kg-1,with a mean of 5911 mg·kg-1（DW）.At the same time,the translocation factor（S/R）was larger than 1,with a mean value of 2.21.When exposed to Zn supply in solution,P.divaricata showed toxic symptoms at the 80 mg·L-1 Zn treatment.Zn concentrations in shoots and roots increased with increasing external Zn levels and reached maxima of 12472 and 14026 mg·kg-1,respectively,at Zn treatment of 160 mg·L-1.Zn accumulation also reached a maximum of 1518 μg·plant-1 at the 160 mg·L-1 Zn treatment,and 75%-91% of total Zn was accumulated in the shoots.We conclude that P.divaricata has great ability to tolerate,take up,and accumulate Zn,and that P.divaricata is identified as a new Zn hyperaccumulator native to China.

关 键 词：滇苦菜 锌 吸收和富集特性 植物修复 超富集植物 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]