视神经脊髓炎的临床特征  

Clinical characteristics of neuromyelitis optica

作　　者：陈道文[1] 徐俊[1] 狄晴[1] 王凌玲[1] 赵薛旭[1] 刘文[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属脑科医院神经内科,210029 [2]南京医科大学附属脑科医院放射科,210029

出　　处：《临床神经病学杂志》2009年第2期96-98,共3页Journal of Clinical Neurology

摘　　要：目的探讨视神经脊髓炎(NMO)的临床特征。方法回顾分析18例NMO患者的临床资料。结果本组复发型NMO15例(83.3%),女性16例(88.9%),平均发病年龄36岁。所有患者双眼同时或先后出现视力减退,均有横贯性脊髓损害表现。MRI检查显示病灶位于颈髓4例、胸髓6例、颈、胸髓均受累5例,脊髓病灶长度≥3个椎体13例,出现脑部病灶6例。本组每例发病次数平均5次,遗留轻度功能残疾7例、中度功能残疾7例、重度功能残疾2例,死亡2例。结论NMO以复发型多见,女性多见,以双侧视神经受累及长节段脊髓炎为主要临床表现,部分患者出现脑部病灶。NMO复发率高,预后较差。Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of neuromyelitis optica （ NMO ）. Methods The clinical data of 18 patients with NMO were analyzed retrospectively. Results Of the enrolled patients, 15 cases （83.3%） were relapsing form of NMO, 16 cases（88.9% ） were female and the mean onset age was 36 years old. Simultaneous bilateral optic neuritis （ON） or ON occured sequentially and horizontal impairent of spinal cord were the main clinic features in these 18 patients. Of the patients who received spinal cord MRI examinations, 4 cases showed the lesions located in cervical cord, 6 cases in thoracic cord and 5 cases in both cervical and thoracic cord. 13 cases revealed lesions in spinal cord extended across 3 or more vertebral segments. Furthermore, brain lesions were detected by MRI in 6 patients. The mean onset number of per patient was five. Seven patients presented with mild disability, 7 patients with median disability, 2 patients with severe disability and death of 2 patients. Conclusions Most patients with NMO are female and relapsing form accounts for the majority type. The cardinal manifestations are bilateral ON and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis （ LETM ）. Some patients show brain lesions that may be detected by MRI examination. Relatively high relapsing frequency of clinical event and severe impairing are common in NMO.

关 键 词：视神经脊髓炎 临床特征 

分 类 号：R744.52[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]