半腱肌、半膜肌运动点和肌内神经末梢分布区域的解剖学  

Anatomic localization of motor points and intramuscular nerve endings in semitendinous and semimembranous muscles

作　　者：安小春[1] 柴勇[1] 韩胜皓 杨成[1] 

机构地区：[1]滨州医学院人体解剖学教研室,滨州256603 [2]韩国加图立大学临床应用解剖研究所

出　　处：《解剖学杂志》2009年第2期257-259,共3页Chinese Journal of Anatomy

基　　金：韩国产业振兴保健院资助(2007001002)

摘　　要：目的:精确定位半腱肌、半膜肌的运动点和肌内神经末梢分布区域。方法:利用50侧韩国成人尸体下肢,以坐骨结节内侧缘后端至股骨内上髁的连线(X-轴)、坐骨结节内侧缘后端至股骨大转子外侧缘,并垂直于X-轴的连线(Y-轴)为参考线,手术显微镜下解剖半腱肌和半膜肌,测定运动点、最近侧和最远侧肌内神经分支末端位置。结果:半腱肌上部运动点位于X-轴(70±22)mm,Y-轴(22±6)mm,下部运动点位于(203±29)mm,(24±11)mm;半膜肌运动点位于(211±33)mm,(21±9)mm。半腱肌上部最近侧和最远侧肌内神经分支末端分别位于X轴的(63±23)mm,(126±28)mm,下部为(193±27)mm,(269±25)mm,半膜肌为(190±29)mm,(303±22)mm。结论:本研究明确定位了半腱肌、半膜肌运动点解剖学位置和肌内神经末梢的分布规律,为临床应用运动点阻滞、肉毒素肌内注射去神经化治疗腘绳肌痉挛提供可靠的解剖学依据。Objective： To locate the motor points and intramuscular nerve endings exactly in semitendinous and semimembranous muscle. Methods： Fifty lower extremities from fresh cadavers were dissected. The motor points, proximal and distal limits of intramuscular nerve endings were measured along one X-coordinate which was from the superior medial aspect of ischial tuberosity to the medial femoral epieondyle and one Y coordinate, being perpendicular to X-coordinate, which was from the superior medial aspect of ischial tuberosity to the lateral aspect of. greater trochanter. Results： The motor points in the upper part of semitendinous muscle was located at （70±22）mm in X-coordinate and （22 ±6）mm in Y-coordinate, and （203±29）mm and （24±1l）mm in the lower part; Those of semimembranous muscle was （211±33）mm and （21±9）mm. The best area for botulinum toxin injection in the upper part of semitendinous muscle was from （63±23）mm to （126±28） mm, from （193±27）mm to （269±25）mm in the lower part, and from （190±29）mm to （303±22）mm in the semimembranows muscle. Conclusion： This study elucidates the location of motor points and intramuscular nerve endings in hamstring muscles, and provides guidelines for motor point block and botulinum toxin injection of these two muscles.

关 键 词：半腱肌 半膜肌 运动点 肌内神经末梢 

分 类 号：R322[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]