范畴三段论推理中信念偏差效应的发展性研究  

A Developmental Study on the Belief Bias Effect in Reasoning of the Syllogisms

作　　者：李晶[1,2] 游旭群[1] 王沛[3] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学心理系,西安710062 [2]天水师范学院教育学院,天水741001 [3]上海师范大学教育学院,上海200234

出　　处：《中国特殊教育》2009年第4期82-87,共6页Chinese Journal of Special Education

基　　金：全国教育科学“十一五”规划国家一般课题,项目批准号:BBA070016

摘　　要：该研究从儿童范畴三段论推理特征的探讨出发,分析了信念偏差效应在儿童推理中的作用机制,结果表明:(1)小学三、五年级与初一年级儿童关于范畴三段论的推理均未达到推理能力的成熟水平。(2)信念偏差效应并未因年龄的增长而显著变化,总体呈现出两个特征:其一,逻辑状态与信念状态相一致时,信念促进逻辑反应,不一致时妨碍逻辑反应;其二,信念偏差分别以不同的作用方式相互独立地作用于前提编码与结论判断两个信息加工阶段。Beginning with the exploration of features of syllogistic reasoning in children, the present study analyzes the mechanism of the belief bias in children＇s syllogistic reasoning. The results of this study indicate that： （1） All subjects have no mature ability of syllogistic reasoning in this study. （2） Belief bias effects do not change sharply with age, and generally show the two features of effect. When beliefs and logical state are consistent, the belief bias promotes the correct rate of logical response, whereas, it impedes the correct rate of logical response when logical state and beliefs are inconsistent. Belief bias has independent and respective effect on the different information - processing stages of encoding of premise information and judging of conclusion information.

关 键 词：范畴三段论 推理 信念偏差效应 发展性研究 

分 类 号：B844.1[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]