植物与微生物对石油污染土壤修复的影响  

Effect of Plants and Microorganisms on Remediation of Petroleum Contaminated Soil

作　　者：刘继朝[1] 崔岩山[2] 张燕平[3] 邹树增[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院,北京100037 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]河南省地质调查院,河南郑州450001 [4]桂林工学院,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2009年第2期80-83,共4页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：河南省人民政府与中国地质调查局合作项目(200414200006);河南省国土资源厅基金

摘　　要：为了研究生物对石油污染土壤的修复效果,在从石油污染土壤中筛选石油降解微生物的基础上,采用盆栽试验,进一步研究了4种植物和筛选到的微生物对石油污染土壤修复的影响。选择中原油田地区的原油和潮土,采取人工污染方法,设计石油污染水平为15g·kg-1。试验设置3类处理,即单独添加微生物、单独种植植物(分别为向日葵、狗牙根、棉花、高丹草)、微生物分别与4种植物(向日葵、狗牙根、棉花、高丹草)组合。结果表明:在石油污染土壤中单独添加石油降解微生物,120d时,石油降解率达到67.0%;向日葵、狗牙根、棉花、高丹草对土壤中石油降解也具有一定效果,120d时,石油降解率分别达到38.23%、36.57%、40.67%、38.67%;添加微生物和种植植物联合对石油降解能力大小顺序为棉花+微生物>向日葵+微生物>狗牙根+微生物>高丹草+微生物。其中,棉花与微生物联合修复120d可以使污染土壤石油降解率达到85.67%,在各种处理中对污染土壤中石油的降解效果最好。In order to study bioremediation of petroleum contaminated soil, petroleum contaminated soils were collected from the Zhongyuan Oil Field and microorganisms that degradate petroleum were screened from the soil. Then, samples of contamination-free Fluvo-aquie soil were collected from the same area and mixed with 15 g·kg^-1 petroleum for pot experiment to study effects of the microorganisims and plants on remediation of the petroleum contaminated soil. The experiment was designed to have three treatments, （ 1 ） adding microorganisms, （2） growing plants, and （ 3 ） growing plants plus adding microorganisms. Results show that in Treatment 1, the degradation rate of petroleum was 67.0% after 120 days; in Treatment 2, it was 38.23% , 36. 57% , 40. 67% and 38.67%, respectively, with sunflower, cotton, bermuda grass, and sudan grass; and in Treatment 3 （cotton ＋ microorganisms） it reached as high as 85. 67%.

关 键 词：石油污染 土壤 植物 微生物 生物修复 

分 类 号：X17[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X53