利用微卫星标记分析双峰驼进化和遗传多样性  

Analysis on the Genetic Diversity and Evolution in the Camelus bactrianus Using SSR Markers

作　　者：高宏巍[1] 王晶[2] 何俊霞[2] 陈鲁勇[1] 吉日木图[2] 孟和[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学农业与生物学院,上海200240 [2]内蒙古农业大学食品科学与工程学院,呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（农业科学版）》2009年第2期89-95,共7页Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University(Agricultural Science)

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(30460009)

摘　　要：实验首次利用双峰驼基因组DNA16个微卫星位点,对中国6个地区、蒙古国7个地区254峰双峰驼基因组DNA样品(含5峰野骆驼)进行了检测和分析。结果显示,家养双峰驼群体平均杂合度较高,平均观测杂合度、期望杂合度和内氏杂合度分别是0.610、0.6211和0.5919。微卫星位点含有较高的有效等位基因数、多态信息含量(3.5509和0.5415),可有效用于双峰驼遗传结构和进化分析。遗传距离计算结果及聚类分析显示,中国和蒙古国家养双峰驼群体间遗传分歧并不显著,但野双峰驼和家养双峰驼则表现明显分歧,暗示现存野双峰不是家养双峰驼直接祖先,更不是从家养双峰驼跑到野外的分支。Using genotypes data from 16 microsatellite markers, the population genetic diversity was studied on 254 Camelus boctrianus samples include 5 Camelus ferus in 6 populations of China, 7 populations of Mongolia for the first time. The results showed that there was high heterozygosity in the Camelus bcctrianus populations. The average values of observed heterozygosity, expected heterozygosity and Nei＇s expected heterozygosity were 0.610, 0.6211 and 0.5919, respectively. There were high Effective number of alleles （3.5509） and high polymorphic information content value （0.5415） on these microsatellite loci, which was effective to analyse the genetic structure and evolution in the Camelus bactrianus. The analysis of genetic distances and correlation cluster showed that there were no significant genetic differentiation on the domestic Camelus bactrianus between China and Mongolia. But there were significant genetic differentiation between Camelus bactrianus and Camelus ferus. These results suggest the Camelus ferus may be not direct remote ancestor of domestic Camelus bactrianus, and Camelus ferus is not a wild branch of domestic Camelus bactrianus.

关 键 词：双峰驼 微卫星 进化 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S865.310.3[农业科学—野生动物驯养]