富镉基质的部分农作物利用与选择  

Study on selection and utilization of Cd-rich substrate for crops cultivation and growth

作　　者：郝桂喜[1] 冯永军[1] 赵敬美[1] 樊瑞[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学资源与环境学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2009年第2期14-17,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：山东省教育厅科技计划课题(J02L07)

摘　　要：将粉煤灰和污泥(基质1)、粉煤灰和酒糟(基质2)均按照4:1的质量比配制,由于2种基质中重金属镉含量较高,为研究基质中可食用作物的种植,选取绿豆、大豆、马铃薯在组配基质中进行试验。结果表明,基质1在第1季不适合种植绿豆、大豆和马铃薯;绿豆在基质2中不能正常生长,大豆产量也较低,但马铃薯生长良好。同时,马铃薯食用部分中重金属镉含量不超标,保证了富镉基质中马铃薯的食品安全,而且马铃薯秸秆中镉含量也未超出一般食用蔬菜标准,不会对环境造成污染。马铃薯秸秆生物量大,吸收镉较多,能起到植物修复作用。研究表明,基质2适宜在废弃地大面积复垦与推广应用。The given paper is to present our study on how to select Cd-rich substrate and use it to improve on the farm-land utilization and crops cultivation and growth. As is well known, coal-mining is likely to cause environmental pollution and ecosystem destruction. But, on the other hand, potentiality has been existing for farming practice to use some mineral left-over substances, such as metal or non-metal contents in the coal or other mineral substances for soil fertilization and increase of crops＇ yield. That is the question this research likes to answer. In our research, we have found that fly ash coming from the coal mining can be mixed with sewage sludge from the sewage-treating plants in a proportion of 4 ： 1 to form substrate 1. We can also mix fly ash with vinasse in a proportion of 4 ： 1 to confect substrate 2. Then, we began with our experiments with the two substrates. When we tried growing mung bean, soybean and potato in the two substrates, it was found that, the salinity in the substrates, though being excessive at the beginning, turned gradually less and less after leaching. At the same time, it was found that the heavy metal Cd also turned less and less after leaching. However, the heavy metal Cd in the two substrates remains excessive in accordance with the national standard m . it suggests that the nutrient in the substrate is still good enough for growing the crops. The results of our experiments above indicate that substrate 1 was not suitable for growing crops. But in substrate 2, except mung bean, all the other beans can grow though the yield of soybean proved lower. On the other hand, heavy metal Cd in the edible part of potato proves not excessive as compared to the national standards. In addition, both the yield and the quality of potato prove secure for eating while Cd in the potato＇ s inedible part can still meet the normal edible vegetable standard, which suggests that even the potato＇s inedible part is unlikely to bring any pollution to the environment. Furthermore, the

关 键 词：农业基础学科 富镉基质 化学性质 农作物利用 农作物选择 营养成分 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学] X171.4[农业科学—农业基础科学]