少免耕模式对土壤呼吸的影响  

Effects of Minimum Tillage and No-tillage patterns on Soil Respiration

作　　者：江晓东[1,2] 迟淑筠[3] 宁堂原[2] 李增嘉[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,南京210044 [2]山东农业大学农学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室,泰安271018 [3]山东农业大学机械与电子工程学院,泰安271018

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2009年第2期253-256,共4页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD15B07);农业部公益性行业科研专项项目(200803028);山东省科技厅项目(2006JY06)

摘　　要：土壤耕作影响土壤呼吸。为了研究耕作模式对冬小麦/夏玉米一年两熟高产灌溉农田全年土壤呼吸的影响,在秸秆还田条件下采用了翻耕、旋耕、耙耕和免耕4种土壤耕作模式在山东龙口进行了田间试验。结果表明:全年土壤呼吸速率翻耕>旋耕>耙耕>免耕,平均分别为515.70,491.08,485.63,455.65 mg/(m2.h),模式间差异显著。各模式土壤呼吸速率与5 cm土壤温度的相关性最大。翻耕、旋耕、耙耕和免耕模式全年秸秆腐解率分别为91.94%,89.72%,86.86%和66.22%,与土壤呼吸速率呈显著正相关。3年定位试验后,翻耕、旋耕、耙耕和免耕模式的土壤有机碳含量分别为7.66,8.62,8.93,8.07 g/kg,皆高于定位试验开始时的7.61 g/kg,说明在本试验条件下,农田土壤为碳汇,旋耕和耙耕两种模式的碳汇功能最强。Soil tillage influences soil respiration. In order to investigate the effects of minimum tillage and notillage patterns on soil respiration of the irrigated high yielding field in the condition of winter wheat relays summer maize cultivation in a whole year, four tillage patterns were adopted in Longkou city, Shandong province for three years. The four tillage patterns were as follows, conventional tillage with straw turnover （C）, rotary tillage with straw turnover （R）, serrated disk harrow tillage with straw turnover （H）, no-till- age with straw cover （N）. The results showed that the order was C〉R〉H〉Z in terms of average soil respiration over the whole year, with the value of 515.70, 491.08, 485. 63, 455.65 mg/（m^2.h） respectively, and the differences among these patterns were significant. Soil respiration rates of each patterns were most correlated to soil temperature with the depth of 5 em. The straw decomposition rates of C, R, H and Z of the whole year were 91. 94%, 89.72%, 86. 86% and 66.22% respectively, which were significantly positive correlated to soil respiration rate. After 3 years experiment, the soil organic carbon content of C, R, H, Z are 7. 66, 8. 62, 8. 93, 8. 07 g/kg, larger than the value of 7.61 g/kg in the beginning of the experiment. It showed that under this experiment,soil became carbon sink, and pattern R and H had the most significant effect.

关 键 词：少免耕 土壤呼吸 土壤温度 秸秆腐解率 土壤有机碳含量 

分 类 号：S341[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术] S153[农业科学—农艺学]