步态变化对人体膝关节接触生物力学特性的影响  

Effect of gait changes on tibio-femoral joint contact biomechanics

作　　者：郝智秀[1] 金德闻[1] 张宇[1] 彭江[2] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学摩擦学国家重点实验室,智能与生物机械分室,北京100084 [2]中国人民解放军总医院骨科研究所,北京100853

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第5期656-659,共4页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50875148)

摘　　要：步态变化对股胫关节接触生物力学特性影响的量化研究对人们认识关节的力学行为,保护关节减少伤害非常重要。通过含半月板、股胫关节软骨和股骨、胫骨三维实体的膝关节有限元模型,仿真分析了在步态发生变化时膝关节股胫关节的接触力学特性。仿真分析表明:步态变化后股胫关节内外侧接触面积和接触应力发生了变化,内收外展角度的变化比内外旋角度的变化对膝关节生物力学特性的影响大,膝关节外旋同时出现外展时会加重股胫关节外侧的应力。The biomechanics of the ti/oio femoral joint for different gaits is key to understanding the biomechanical behavior of joints and to protecting joints from injury. A 3-D finite element model was developed including the cortical and trabecular bone of the femur and tibia, the articular cartilage of the femoral condyles and the tibial plateau, and the medial and lateral menisci with their horn attachments to simulate the biomechanies of the tibio-femoral joint contact for different gaits. Simulations show that the contact area and contact force change with the relative positions of the tibia and femora. The effect of adduction/abduction of the tibia and femora on the tibio-femoral joint biomechanics is more severe than the effect of the internal/external position of the tibia and femora on tibio-femoral joint biomeehanics. The contact pressure increases on the lateral side of the tibio-femoral joint as the foot lands on the surface with the knee joint having both external rotation and abduction.

关 键 词：生物力学 股胫关节 接触 步态 有限元 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]