车载式热泵干燥装置的试验研究与热力学分析  

Experimental study and thermodynamic analysis of a vehicle-mounted heat pump grain dryer

作　　者：向飞[1] 王立[1] 岳献芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学机械工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2009年第2期107-110,共4页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：科技部农业科技成果转化资金项目(04EFN217100386)

摘　　要：针对目前我国粮食收获现场没有配套的干燥设备进行跨区域移动作业,导致收获的粮食不能及时干燥而霉烂的问题开发一种车载式热泵干燥装置。该装置采用蒸汽压缩式热泵(热泵工质为R134a)提供热量,卧式多室流化床为干燥室,热泵蒸发器回收流化床前段排气中水蒸气潜热,鼓入环境状态的新风用以回收干燥后物料的显热。整个装置结构紧凑(3.5 m×2.1 m×1.7 m),可固定安装在5 t货车(7.2 m×2.2 m×2.2 m)车斗底盘上,便于拖运以进行跨区域移动作业,同时该装置管道之间增加了柔性连接,具有较强的抗震性能。基于样机试验数据进行热力学分析,结果表明:样机稳定运行时,平均热泵性能系数为3.3,除湿能耗比0.513 kWh/kg,热泵系统平均火用效率49%,测试结果达到设计要求。Improperly post-harvest drying causes lots of grain deterioration each year in China, because no match mobile drying equipment could be adopted in this interregional operation. To solve this problem, a new type of vehiclemounted heat pump drying equipment has been designed. A horizontal multi-room fluidized bed is chosen as the drying chamber and a vapor compression heat pump （R134a as refrigerant） as heat supplier for this system. Latent heat of steam discharged from the forepart of the fluidized bed is recovered by the heat pump evaporator and ambient air is blown into the rear part to recover sensible heat from the post-drying grain. Firmly fixed on the 5 t truck trailer＇ chassis （7.2 m × 2.2 m× 2.2 m）, this compact and aseismatic equipment （3.5 m × 2.1 m× 1.7 m） is easy to be transported for interregional operation, and flexible connections are installed between pipes, which give better vibration resistance for the equipment. Thermodynamic analysis was made based on the drying experiment in this dryer. Testing experiments show that under the steady conditions the mean coefficient of performance is 3.3, SPC reaches 0. 513 （kWh）/kg, and the mean exergy efficiency is 49%, which meets the design requirements.

关 键 词：热泵 谷物 干燥 热力学分析 

分 类 号：S226.6[农业科学—农业机械化工程]