苹果褐腐病菌中草药抑菌剂的筛选及提取条件研究  

Research on Screening Chinese Herbal Fungicides for Monilia fructigena and Their Extraction Conditions

作　　者：李海燕[1] 张显龙[1] 关丽杰[1] 邵双[1] 马金姗[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳化工学院环境与生物工程学院,辽宁沈阳110142

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2009年第10期4538-4540,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅高等学校科学研究项目(2004D205)

摘　　要：[目的]为中草药抑菌剂的开发提供参考依据。[方法]采用菌丝生长速率法测定了19种中草药乙醇提取物对苹果褐腐病菌的抑制活性。[结果]不同中草药提取物对苹果褐腐病菌的抑制活性存在一定差异。在中草药提取物浓度为0.1 mg/ml时,19种中草药中,马兜铃提取物对苹果褐腐病菌菌丝生长的抑制效果最好,抑制率高达49.64%;其次是鸦胆子、射干和葛根,抑制率均在20%以上;其余中草药提取物对苹果褐腐病菌均未表现出明显的抑制作用,其抑制率均在20%以下。通过单因素试验优化了马兜铃的提取条件,即以50%乙醇为溶剂、料液比为1∶5、提取温度为30℃、提取时间为4 h。[结论]马兜铃体内的有效成分具有强烈的抑菌活性,具有开发潜力。[Objective] The purpose was to supply reference foundation for developing Chinese herbal fungicides.[Method] The inhibitory activities of ethanol extracts of 19 Chinese herbs on Monilia fructigena were determined by mycelium growth rate method.[Result] The inhibitory activities of different Chinese herbal extracts on M.fructigena had some difference.When the concn.of Chinese herbal extracts was 0.1 mg/ml,the inhibitory effect of Aristolochia debilis extracts on the mycelium growth of M.fructigena was best among 19 Chinese herbs and its inhibitory rate was up to 49.64%;the inhibitory effects of Brucea javanica,Belamcanda chinensis and Pueraria lobata extracts were secondary and their inhibitory rates were higher than 20%;the rest Chinese herbal extracts did not show obvious inhibitory action on M.fructigena and their inhibitory rates were lower than 20%.The extraction conditions of A.debilis were optimized through single factor experiments,which were extraction with 50% ethanol as solvent at the solid-liquid ratio of 1∶5 at 30 ℃ for 4 h.[Conclusion] The effective components in A.debilis body had strong antifungal activity and development potential.

关 键 词：中草药提取物 马兜铃 抑制活性 提取条件 

分 类 号：S482.292[农业科学—农药学]